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Victoriaopai, a teacher in a remote part of West Kalimantan, Indonesia's slice of Borneo,
Victoriaopai是印尼婆羅洲西加里曼丹島某偏遠地區的一名老師，
is charmed by the new road connecting her school to Putussibau, the nearest town.
連接她所在學校和最近小鎮普圖西包的那條新公路讓她著迷。
It is smooth, reasonably straight and cuts through swathes of jungle.
這條公平坦筆直，途中還穿過了大片的叢林。
It used to take three hours to get into town, she says. Now it takes 40 minutes.
她說以前需要三個小時才能進城。現在只需40分鐘。
Over the past five years new roads, airports and railways have popped up across Indonesia.
過去5年里，印尼各地建了新的公路、機場和鐵路。
Reviving its ailing infrastructure was a pledge of Joko Widodo, the president, known as Jokowi, during his first term.
重振破舊的基礎設施是佐科·維多多總統（也稱Jokowi）在第一任期時的承諾。
Along with poverty-reduction measures, it helped him win re-election on April 17th.
加上扶貧措施，這幫助他在4月17日贏得連任。
In his first term Indonesia grew by 5.1% annually;
在他的第一個任期，印尼經濟年增長5.1%；
last year the IMF said ambitious economic reforms could enable Indonesia to grow at 6.5% by 2022.
去年IMF稱雄心勃勃的經濟改革有望使印尼經濟在2022年前增長6.5%。
Jokowi promises to improve "human resources", meaning education and the quality of the labour force.
維多多承諾改善“人力資源”，指的是勞動力的教育和質量。
In a speech on April 30th he talked about "upskilling" Indonesia.
在4月30日的一次演講中，他談到了通過培訓等方式提高印尼人的工作技能。
In 2003 the constitution was amended to require the government to spend 20% of its budget on education.
在2003年，修改后的憲法要求政府將其預算的20%用于教育。
Previously it had spent about half that. And the share of 13- to 18-year-olds enrolled in school has risen over the past two decades, to 88%.
此前，教育開支僅為約10%。在過去兩年中，13到18歲人群的入學率增長至88%。
But outcomes are poor. Over half of those who finish school are functionally illiterate.
但結果很糟糕。其中超過一半的畢業生是功能性文盲。
Between 2003 and 2015 Indonesia's scores in the PISA tests run by the OECD, a think-tank of 36 countries, improved only slightly.
在2003年到2015年間，印尼在由OECD（一個由36國組成的智囊團）組織的PISA測試中的得分只是略有提高。
In 2015 it came 64th out of 70 countries in the organisation's rankings of 15-year-olds in literacy.
2015年，該組織對70個國家的15歲兒童的讀寫能力進行排名，該國僅排在64位。
The problem, says Daniel Suryadarma of the SMERU Research Institute in Jakarta,
雅加達印尼社會監督和預警研究所的Daniel Suryadarma表示，
is not how much money goes on education, but how it is spent.
問題不在于花了多少錢在教育上，而在于怎么花。
Though half of the extra funding went on teachers' salaries, pay rises were not tied to performance, so there was no impact on attainment.
盡管有一半的額外資金花在了教師工資上，但加薪與工作表現無關，所以這對成績沒有影響。
Meanwhile, facilities are threadbare. Half of primary schools have no electricity.
同時，教育設施也很破舊。一半的小學沒通電。
Shoddy schooling makes it hard for people to find jobs. Red tape makes it harder still.
劣質的學校教育使人們很難找到工作。繁文縟節使這更加困難。
According to the World Bank's "ease of doing business" ranking, Indonesia has the world's third-highest severance pay.
根據世界銀行的“經商環境”排名，印尼印尼擁有世界第三高的離職金。
An employee dismissed after a year is entitled to four months' pay.
一年后被解雇的員工有權獲得四個月的工資。
Since it is expensive for firms to shed workers in lean times, they are reluctant to hire in good ones.
由于在不景氣時期，公司裁員成本昂貴，所以在繁榮時期，他們不愿招聘。
Pricey severance also helps explain why 60% of Indonesian employees work in the informal sector,
昂貴的離職金也幫助解釋了為什么60%的印尼員工會在非正規部門工作，
and why many of those who do not are on temporary, rolling contracts.
以及為什么很多正規部門員工簽的是臨時滾動合同。
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