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Patrick Hourigan has spent nearly 12 years at IBM, initially as a systems telecoms engineer and then as a software developer.
帕特里克·胡里根在IBM工作了近12年，起初他是一名系統(tǒng)電信工程師，然后成為了一名軟件開發(fā)者。
Three years ago he moved into the security division and opted for a course in machine learning and AI.
三年后，他被調到安全部門并選學了機器學習和AI課程。
It took him around 50-60 hours over six weeks. "Technology is continuously moving," he says.
六周時間里，他上了近50-60個小時的課程。“科技不斷變化。”他說。
"Last year's tech becomes a stepping stone to this year's tech."
“去年的科技成為了今年科技發(fā)展的跳板。”
IBM is far from alone in emphasising the importance of training.
在強調培訓重要性時，IBM絕非個例。
In 2013 AT&T, a telecoms giant, launched a training initiative called Workforce 2020.
2013年，電信巨頭AT&T推出Workforce 2020培訓新方案。
Part of the programme was an online platform with a tool allowing employees to analyse hiring trends within the company
該項目中包含一個在線平臺，讓員工分析公司內部的雇用趨勢
and find out which skills are needed to qualify for the jobs.
并找出工作中必備的技能有哪些。
Together with Georgia Tech, a university, and Udacity, an online education group, AT&T offers a low-cost master's degree in computer science.
AT&T、佐治亞理工學院以及一家在線教育公司Udacity聯(lián)手以低價提供計算機科學碩士學位。
As multinational tech companies, AT&T and IBM have all the capacity they need to offer substantial training programmes.
作為跨國科技公司，AT&T和IBM具備一切提供大量培訓方案的能力。
Smaller firms may find the prospect daunting, but the existence of online courses means that it is not beyond their abilities.
小型的公司或許因該類項目的前景而退縮，但是在線課程的存在意味著這類培訓是他們力所能及的。
And they need to try. American businesses will have to fill an estimated 1.4 m new computing and engineering jobs by 2020.
并且他們需要去嘗試。截止至2020年，美國企業(yè)將不得不滿足預計140萬個新的計算機工程職位。
Many companies worry about a shortage of talent in some critical areas.
很多公司擔心一些關鍵領域人才短缺。
A recent survey by Enterprise Strategy Group, a market-intelligence firm, found that
市場信息公司，企業(yè)策略集團的一份近期調查發(fā)現(xiàn)
51% of companies were short of cyber-security skills, up from 23% in 2014.
51%的公司都缺乏網(wǎng)絡安全技術人才，這種短缺增長于2014年的23%。
The problem may be even worse in Europe.
在歐洲，這個問題可能更糟糕。
A European Commission report last year found that 15% of workers lacked even basic digital skills,
歐洲委員會去年的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn)15%的員工甚至缺乏基本的數(shù)字技能，
while 88% of companies had taken no action to deal with the problem.
而88%的公司沒有采取任何行動解決該問題。
A survey by the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants found that
國際注冊專業(yè)會計師協(xié)會的一項調查發(fā)現(xiàn)
a quarter of British workers had received no in-work training in the previous12 months.
四分之一的英國員工在過去12個月內都沒有接受過在職培訓。
Yet managers know that technological change will require their workers to acquire more skills.
而管理層知道科技的變化將需要他們的員工學習更多的技能。
The supply from higher education will be insufficient because of students' subject choices,
由于學生的學科選擇，高等教育人才將出現(xiàn)供給不足的現(xiàn)象，
and immigration may not be able to solve the problem given the political mood.
考慮到政治情緒原因，移民可能也無法解決這個問題。
So firms will have to train workers themselves. The recent increase in spending is only a start.
因此公司必須自己培訓員工。該項支出的近期增長只是一個開始。
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