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For Edward's attempt to pound the nations of Britain Into a united super-state
因為愛德華曾試圖把不列顛各小國 統(tǒng)一成聯(lián)合王國
Ended up just reinforcing their acute sense of difference.
結(jié)果卻讓各族間的隔閡更加深重
The hammer that Edward had taken to the scots had rebounded fatally against his dream of a reborn Britannia.
愛德華對蘇格蘭人所采取的強硬手腕 反而使自己構(gòu)建大不列顛聯(lián)合王國的美夢遭受重創(chuàng)
For the cost of all those endless marches and mile upon mile of castle walls was political as well as financial.
無盡戰(zhàn)爭的巨大消耗 連綿不絕的圍城高墻 使政治和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展雙雙受阻
It meant parliament was more, not less,necessary to government of England.
這說明議會對于英格蘭政府而言 不是無關(guān)緊要的 而是至關(guān)重要的
It was parliament which had to agree on how to foot the bills.And how big those bills ought to be.
議會決定了經(jīng)費的使用方向 以及經(jīng)費的大小額度
Edward II of course completely failed to bring any attention to this new reality.
顯然愛德華二世完全 無視了這一新的現(xiàn)實情況
Falling back on rule by favourites,Edward made himself an alien in his own land.
以個人喜好來統(tǒng)治國家 愛德華終把自己變成了孤家寡人
The nobility failed to remove him,but his wife succeeded.
貴族們沒能讓他下臺 但他的妻子做到了
Legend has it that he was killed in Berkeley castle From a hot iron thrust up his rectum.
傳說他在伯克利城堡被殺 被一根燒紅的鐵條插入直腸
Edward's murder was proof that the king could be removed,even physically disposed of, if he betrayed the community.
愛德華之死說明如果國王背叛人民 不光會下臺 甚至還會喪命
But England would get a new king More the heir to Edward the first than the second.
但英格蘭終究會有新的國王 更多地繼承了愛德華一世的衣缽 而非愛德華二世
Edward III knew he couldn't achieve anything simply by acts of brutal, imperial will.
但愛德華三世知道他再也不能 用殘暴的帝國幻想來統(tǒng)治國家
He'd learned something from the long wars of Plantagenet Britain,
他從金雀花王朝長期的戰(zhàn)爭中學(xué)到了一些東西
And what he'd learned was that his power depended not just on force,but on consent
他知道他的權(quán)力 不僅僅取決于武裝力量 還需要各種認同
On the consent of his barons and his churchmen,On the consent of parliament,On the consent of the English community of the realm.
理事會和教會的認同 議會的認同 以及英國上下各界的認同
Not for the first and not for the last time,It would take the rest of Britain to teach England just how to be a nation.
這不是第一次 也不會是最后一次 在與不列顛其他民族的戰(zhàn)與和中 英格蘭才能真正明白國家二字的含義
