評論
打印
foreground .
【考法 1】 vt. 強調，重視： to indicate the importance of by centering attention on
【例】 He repeatedly foregrounded his experience in international affairs in the course of his campaign for the presidency. 在他競選總統的過程中，他一再強調自己在處理國際事務方面的經驗。
【近】 accent, accentuate, emphasize, feature, highlight, illuminate, press, punctuate, stress
【反】 de-emphasize, understate, play down 輕描淡寫
gawky .
【考法 1】 adj. （舉止）笨拙的： having or showing an inability to move in a graceful manner
【例】 The pathetic gawky woman was once a lithe ballerina but got severely injured in a car accident. 這個可憐的步態笨拙的婦女本來是一名輕巧優雅的芭蕾舞女，但是在一次車禍中受了重傷。
【近】 awkward, clumsy, gawkish, graceless, uncoordinated, ungainly
【反】 agile, graceful, lithe, nimble 靈巧的，敏捷的；elegant 優雅的
【派】 gawkiness n. 笨拙
indecorous .
【考法 1】 adj. 不合乎禮節的，不得體的： conflicting with accepted standards of good conduct or good taste
【例】 How can you make such an indecorous joke for a solemn moment in the marriage ceremony ? 你怎么
能在莊嚴肅穆的結婚典禮上開那樣一個不得體的玩笑呢？
【近】 amiss, graceless, improper, inapposite, infelicitous, malapropos, perverse, unbecoming, unfit, unseemly, unsuitable, wrong
【反】 appropriate, becoming, befitting, decorous, felicitous, fit, genteel, meet, proper, seemly, suitable 得體的，合乎禮節的
lax
【考法 1】 adj. 松弛的，不緊的，不嚴格的： not tense, firm, or rigid
【例】 exercises to improve lax muscles 鍛煉松弛的肌肉‖The guidelines for the essay contest were fairly lax, permitting a wide variety of topics. 本次作文大賽的要求相對比較寬松，允許寫多種類型的主題。
【近】 flabby, flaccid, insecure, loose, loosened, relaxed, slackened, unsecured
【反】 taut, tense, tight 緊固的，牢固的；hard, harsh, rigid, rigorous, severe, stern, strict 嚴格的
【考法 2】 adj. 懈怠的，漫不經心的： failing to give proper care and attention
【例】 The university has been lax about enforcing these rules. 學校對于這些規定的施行顯得漫不經心。
【近】 careless, derelict, disregardful, heedless, lazy, neglectful, neglecting, negligent, remiss, slack
【反】 attentive, careful, cautious, conscientious, heedful, mindful, vigilant, wary 注意的，留心的
lionize .
【考法 1】 vt. 追捧，把…捧為名人： to look on or treat (a person) as a celebrity
【例】 She was lionized everywhere after her novel won the Pulitzer Prize. 在她的小說獲得普利策獎之后，她無論走到哪都受到追捧。
【近】 aggrandize, canonize, deify, dignify, elevate, ennoble, enshrine, ensky, enthrone, glorify, magnify
【反】 abase, degrade, demean, humble, humiliate 貶低，瞧不起
lurid .
【考法 1】 adj. 恐怖的，令人反感的： causing horror or revulsion
【例】 We quickly drove past the lurid scene of the crash. 我們迅速駛過了可怕的車禍現場。
【近】 appalling, atrocious, dreadful, frightful, ghastly, gruesome, hideous, horrid, horrific, macabre, monstrous, nightmarish
【近】 agreeable, appealing, delicious, delightful, enjoyable, enticing, inviting, pleasant, satisfying 令人愉悅的
【考法 2】 adj. 面色蒼白的，病態的： wan and ghastly pale in appearance
【例】 The doctor was alarmed by the patient's lurid complexion. 病人慘白的面色給醫生敲響了警鐘。
【近】 ashen, ashy, blanched, cadaverous, doughy, livid, mealy, paled, pallid, pasty, peaked, wan
【近】 blooming, florid, flush, full-blooded, glowing, rosy, rubicund, ruddy, sanguine 紅潤的，健康的
malignant .
【考法 1】 adj. 惡毒的，邪惡的： having or showing a desire to cause someone pain or suffering for the sheer enjoyment of it; disposed to do evil
【例】 She has a malignant wish to poison everyone who was smarter, richer, or better-looking than she was. 她有著一個惡毒的愿望，那就是毒死所有比她聰明、有錢或者是比她更漂亮的人。
【近】 atrocious, brutal, cruel, despiteful, malevolent, malicious, malign, mean, nasty, spiteful, vicious, virulent
【反】 benevolent, benign, benignant 慈善的，和藹的；merciful 仁慈的
notoriety .
【考法 1】 n. （尤指因為丑聞而出名的）名人： a person who is widely known and usually much talked about, especially for something bad; a notorious person
【例】 a television show featuring notorieties from 20 years of scandals 以二十年來因各色丑聞而出名的名人為賣點的電視節目
【近】 figure, icon, luminary, megastar, name, notable, personage, standout, star, superstar
【反】 nobody, noncelebrity 不知名的人
【考法 2】 n. 壞名聲： the quality or condition of being notorious; ill fame
【例】 She gained notoriety when nude photographs of her appeared in a magazine. 她的裸照出現在雜志上讓她聲名遠播?！琀is comment about the President has given him a notoriety that he enjoys very much. 他對于總統的評論讓他獲得了很讓他滿意的名聲。
【近】 infamy, obloquy, odium, opprobrium
【反】 anonymity, oblivion, obscurity 不知名，默默無聞；celebrity, fame, renown, repute 好名聲
overshadow
【考法 1】 vt. 使變黯淡： to make dark, dim, or indistinct
【例】 Large trees overshadow the yard and darken the house for much of the day. 大樹為院子遮擋了陽光，并使屋子里一天之中的大多數時候都很昏暗?！琀er mother's illness overshadowed her childhood. 她母親的疾病讓她的童年缺乏亮色。
【近】 becloud, befog, blacken, blear, blur, darken, dim, fog, haze, mist, obscure, overcast, overcloud, shroud
【反】 brighten, illuminate, illumine, lighten 照明，照亮
【考法 2】 vt. （在重要性上）超越，超過： to exceed in importance
【例】 The forward's outstanding performance should not overshadow the achievements of the rest of the team. 其他隊員的貢獻不應該因前鋒的精彩表現而被忽略。
【近】 eclipse, outrank, outshine, outstrip, overbalance, overweigh
【反】 fall behind 落后
pioneer .
【考法 1】 n. 擴荒者，先驅者： one of the first to settle in a territory
【例】 the hardships that the pioneers endured while taming the wilderness 在馴服自然的過程中擴荒者所受到的種種磨難‖a pioneer in aviation 航空業的先驅
【近】 colonist, colonizer, homesteader, settler
【反】 follower 跟隨者
【考法 2】 adj. 最初的，最早的： coming before all others in time or order
【例】 the nation's pioneer institutions for the education of African-Americans 為了非裔美國人的教育而設立的第一批教育機構
【近】 earliest, foremost, headmost, inaugural, initial, leadoff, maiden, original, premier, virgin
【反】 final, last, latest, terminal, terminating, ultimate 最后的，終結的
【考法 3】 vt. 開創，創造： to open up (an area) or prepare (a way)
【例】 He single-handedly pioneered the university's institute for medical research. 他單槍匹馬創建了這所大學里的醫學研究所?！瑀ockets that pioneered outer space 開創了外太空紀元的火箭
【近】 begin, constitute, establish, inaugurate, initiate, innovate, institute, introduce, launch, plant, set up
【反】 close, end, shut,terminate, phase out 終止，淘汰
【派】 pioneering adj. 先驅性的，先導性的
adj. 注意的，留意的
