alloy
【考法 1】 n. 合金,混合物: a distinct entity formed by the combining of two or more different things
【例】 Brass is an alloy, consisting of copper and zinc. 黃銅是一種由銅和鋅組成的合金。‖Television news has always been an alloy of journalism and show business. 電視新聞一直以來都是新聞界和演藝圈的混合體。
【近】 admixture, amalgam, cocktail, composite, compound, fusion, intermixture, mix, mixture, synthesis
【反】 element (構成整體的)單個元素
【考法 2】 vt. 摻雜,降低純度: to debase by the addition of an inferior element
【例】 idealism that was alloyed with political skill 因為摻入了政治技能而被削弱理想主義
【近】 adulterate, contaminate, dilute, extend, lace, pollute, sophisticate, thin
【反】 purify 純化
【派】 unalloyed adj. 純粹的,未摻雜的
ambivalent .
【考法 1】 adj. (尤指感情、態度)矛盾的: having a mixture of opposing feelings
【例】 He maintained an ambivalent attitude to religion throughout his life. 他一生都對宗教抱有矛盾的心態。
【近】 conflicting, contradictory, mixed
【反】 certain, decided, definite, positive, resolute, sure, unquestioning 明確的,毫無疑問的
【派】 ambivalence n. 矛盾心理
analogous
【考法 1】 adj. 相似的,可比較的: having qualities in common
【例】 Bad-mouthing your sister is analogous to slapping her in the face - it's just as bad. 說你姐姐的壞話和當面扇她耳光是類似的--它們都是不好的行為。
【近】 akin, cognate, comparable, connate, corresponding, matching, parallel, resembling, similar, suchlike
【反】 different, disparate, dissimilar, diverse, unlike 不同的,不相似的
annotate
【考法 1】 vt. 做注解: to furnish (a literary work) with critical commentary or explanatory notes
【例】 The advent of e-books enables user to freely annotate what they are reading without worrying about being fined by libraries. 電子書的出現使得用戶可以在不用擔心被圖書館處以罰金的情況下自由地在讀物上作注。
【近】 commentate, footnote, gloss
【派】 annotation n. 注解,注釋
antipathy .
【考法 1】 n. 厭惡,反感: settled aversion or dislike
【例】 I feel no antipathy towards any of my opponents in the tournament. 我對錦標賽中碰到的任何對手都不存在反感。
【近】 animosity, animus, antagonism, bitterness, enmity, gall, grudge, hostility, jaundice, rancor
【反】 amity 友好,和睦;liking, partiality, predilection, prepossession 偏愛,喜愛
【考法 2】 n. 令人反感的事物: an object of aversion
【例】 Cruelty to animals is one of my most deeply felt antipathies. 虐待動物是最讓我反感的行為之一。
【近】 abhorrence, abomination, anathema, aversion, detestation, execration
【反】 beloved, darling, dear, love 令人喜愛的人或事物
antiquated
【考法 1】 adj. 古老的,過時的: outmoded or discredited by reason of age: being out of style or fashion
【例】 We saw an antiquated hand-cranked rope-making machine at the textiles museum. 我們在紡織博物館里看到了一臺手搖式古董制繩機。‖antiquated methods of farming 已經過時的耕種技術
【近】 antique, archaic, dated, fossilized, moribund, moth-eaten, obsolete, outdated, outmoded, outworn, prehistoric, rusty
【反】 contemporary, current, modern, recent 當前的,現代的
antithetical .
【考法 1】 adj. 完全對立的,相反的: being in direct and unequivocal opposition
【例】 Spiritual ideals seem antithetical to the materialism embraced by modern society. 精神上的理想境界往往同當代社會所推崇的唯物主義相抵觸。
【近】 antipodal, antipodean, contradictory, contrary, diametric, opposite, polar
【反】 equivalent, identical, same 完全一致的,相等的
apparition .
【考法 1】 n. 鬼魂,幽靈: a ghostly figure
【例】 An eccentric claimed to have photographed an apparition in her very own house. 一個行為怪異的人聲稱在她的住所里拍到了一張幽靈的照片。
【近】 ghost, phantasm, phantom, shade, shadow, specter, spirit, spook, sprite, vision, visitant, wraith
【反】 entity, substance 實體
applicable
【考法 1】 adj. 可用的,可行的: capable of being put to use or account
【例】 Is that Act applicable in this case where suspect is a foreigner? 那條法規適用于這個嫌犯不是本國公民的案件么?
【近】 actionable, applicative, applied, functional, practicable, serviceable, useful, workable
【反】 impractical, inapplicable, unusable, unworkable, useless 不可用的,不可行的
【考法 2】 adj. 相關的,有關的: having to do with the matter at hand
【例】 He rarely makes comment that is applicable to our discussion. 他的評論很少和我們討論的題目搭邊。
【近】 apposite, apropos, germane, material, pointed, relative, relevant
【反】 extraneous, immaterial, impertinent, inapposite, irrelevant, pointless 無關的
【考法 3】 adj. 合適的,恰當的: meeting the requirements of a purpose or situation
【例】 He has been busy in selecting the most applicable word for his PhD thesis. 他一致忙于為自己的博士論文選擇最為恰當詞匯。
【近】 appropriate, apt, becoming, befitting, felicitous, fitting, meet, pretty, proper, right, suitable
【反】 improper, inappropriate, inapt, incongruous, malapropos, misbecoming, unbecoming, unfitting, unmeet, unseemly, unsuitable, wrong 不恰當的
apprehensive
【考法 1】 adj. 知曉的,理解的: having specified facts or feelings actively impressed on the mind
【例】 I am fully apprehensive of the options, I assure you. 我向你保證這些觀點我都理解了。
【近】 alive, aware, cognizant, mindful, sensible, sentient, ware, witting
【反】 ignorant, insensible, oblivious, unaware, unconscious, unmindful, unwitting 不知曉的,無知覺的
【考法 2】 adj. 恐懼的,害怕的: anxious or fearful about the future
【例】 People apparently haven't recovered from the devastating terrorist attack and are still terribly apprehensive about the future. 人們顯然沒有從那場嚴重的恐怖襲擊中恢復過來,對于未來仍然充滿了恐懼。
【近】 afraid, aghast, fearful, frightened, horrified, hysterical, scared, shocked, terrified
【反】 dauntless, fearless, intrepid, unafraid 無所畏懼的;confident 充滿自信的
【派】 apprehension n. 理解;憂慮,恐懼
n. 增加,附加物,加法