評(píng)論
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Listen to part of a lecture in a music history class.
聽(tīng)一段音樂(lè)史課程。
The professor has been discussing music of the twentieth century.
教授正在講20世紀(jì)的音樂(lè)。
And what instrument comes to mind when you think of rock and roll?
當(dāng)你們想到搖滾時(shí)，腦海中會(huì)想到什么樂(lè)器？
The electric Guitar?
電吉他？
Exactly. I think it's fair to say that the sound of the electric guitar typifies the rock and roll genre, which became popular in the 1950s.
對(duì)。我認(rèn)為電吉他的聲音可以說(shuō)是搖滾音樂(lè)流派的特征，在20世紀(jì)50年代變得很流行。
But really the instrument we know today was the result of a continuing development that started for our practical purposes in the 1920s.
但這其實(shí)是在20世紀(jì)20年代，人們出于實(shí)用目的造出來(lái)的，之后持續(xù)發(fā)展演變成今天我們所知的樂(lè)器。
But long before that even, people were experimenting with ways to modify traditional acoustic guitars.
但在更久以前（20世紀(jì)20年代前），人們就不斷實(shí)驗(yàn)以改造傳統(tǒng)原聲吉他了。
The first guitars were wooden.
最初的吉他是木制的。
This is the Spanish guitar and the strings were made from animal products.
這是西班牙吉他，弦是動(dòng)物制品。
Then came steel strings.
然后出現(xiàn)了鋼絲弦。
And that led to the lap guitar, which is also called the steel guitar because the player slides a steel rod up and down the neck.
然后腿上吉他產(chǎn)生了，也稱鋼絲吉他，因?yàn)檠葑嗾邥?huì)在琴頸上下滑動(dòng)一個(gè)鋼棒。
And those are all acoustic guitars, OK?
這些都是原聲吉他。
But then eventually we have electric guitars.
接著，我們終于有了電吉他。
Over the years, many inventors and musicians contributed to the design of these instruments.
多年以來(lái)，很多發(fā)明家和音樂(lè)家都為這些樂(lè)器的設(shè)計(jì)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。
And each design was intended to alter the sound in some way, at first at least with the electric guitar, to make it louder.
每一款設(shè)計(jì)都是為了在某種程度上改變聲音，在最初（至少電吉他是這樣）是為了讓聲音更大。
So let's get back to when the steel guitar was first introduced in the United States.
我們回到鋼絲吉他剛引入美國(guó)的時(shí)候吧。
It was right after the Spanish-American war in the late 1890s.
那是19世紀(jì)90年代后期，美西戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)剛剛結(jié)束。
US sailors who were stationed in Hawaii—then a US territory—were very enamored with the music they heard there.
在夏威夷駐扎的美國(guó)士兵（那時(shí)候夏威夷是美國(guó)領(lǐng)土）非常喜歡他們?cè)谀莾郝?tīng)到的音樂(lè)。
Uh, Hawaiian music was based on the steel guitar I just described.
夏威夷音樂(lè)的基礎(chǔ)正是我剛剛描述的鋼絲吉他。
Some sailors learned how to play the steel guitar and brought it home to the States.
一些水手學(xué)會(huì)了彈鋼絲吉他，并將其帶回了美國(guó)。
Before long, Hawaiian steel guitar music was all the rage in the mainland US.
不久，夏威夷鋼絲吉他在美國(guó)大陸就火起來(lái)了。
It actually had a strong influence on the development of several musical genres, rock and roll most notably, but also jazz and blues.
事實(shí)上，鋼絲吉他對(duì)很多音樂(lè)流派的發(fā)展都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響，最主要的是搖滾樂(lè)，但也包括爵士樂(lè)和布魯斯樂(lè)。
Anyway, by the 1920s, with the advent of the public dance movement, people were gathering in large groups to listen to steel guitar music.
不管怎樣，知道20世紀(jì)20年代，隨著大眾舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)的出現(xiàn)，大批群眾聚在一起聽(tīng)鋼絲吉他樂(lè)。
But they had trouble hearing it, especially in large public settings.
但他們很難聽(tīng)到鋼絲吉他樂(lè)，特別是在大型公眾場(chǎng)所里。
