評論
打印
=====精彩回顧===
What If You Stopped Eating?
如果你停止吃東西會怎樣
Food is a favourite pastime for many, which is convenient because we need it to live.
食物是許多人最喜歡的消遣娛樂，也非常方便，因為我們需要食物來生存。
But what would happen to you and your body if you were to completely stop eating food,right now?
但是，如果你立即完全停止吃東西，那么你和你的身體會發生什么情況呢？
In the first 6 hours, all is fairly normal.Your body begins to break down glycogen - which stores energy in your body - into glucose,which your cells use as fuel. Around 25% of energy generated this way is used for your brain alone, while the rest goes to muscle tissues and red blood cells. But after about 6 hours to is method of energy production halts as the glycogen stores deplete, which can lead to the notorious ‘hangry’ or hungry and angry feeling that many of us know too well. At this point [6-72 hours] your body enters a state called ketosis as it begins to fast or starve. Because there is very little glucose in your blood, your body must begin to break down fat for energy. This fat is in turn broken down into fatty acids. However, your brain cannot use long chain fatty acids which...is a problem! Because there is no more glucose and the fats are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier, your brain changes modes and begins to use ketone bodies for energy, which are short-chain derivatives of fatty acids. This works for the time being, but ultimately only 75% of the brain's energy requirements can come from ketones - it still needs glucose! Which means your cognitive functioning becomes impaired.
最初的六個小時，一切正常。你的身體開始分解在體內存儲能量肝糖——分解為葡萄糖，細胞將葡萄糖用作燃料。通過這種方法生成的大約25%的熱量用于大腦，其他熱量用于肌肉組織和紅細胞。但是六小時以后，這種能量生成方式逐漸停止，因為肝糖儲備枯竭，會導致明顯的饑餓和憤怒感，我們許多人都非常能夠理解這一點。在這時候（6至72小時內），你的身體進入一個叫做“酮癥”的狀態，身體開始感到饑餓。因為血液中已經幾乎沒有葡萄糖，你的身體開始分解脂肪作為能量。脂肪分解為脂肪酸。然而，你的大腦不能利用長鏈脂肪酸，這是一個問題！因為沒有更多葡萄糖了，而脂肪顆粒太大，無法通過血液和大腦之間的屏障，你的大腦開始改變模式，使用酮體生成能量，這是一種短鏈脂肪酸的衍生物。這種方法暫時有效，但是最終，大腦所需能量的75%難以從酮中獲得能量——它仍然需要葡萄糖！這意味著認知功能受到損壞。
Now, it’s important to mention that you don’t have to be starving to be in ketosis.
現在，我們必須提一下，你不一定感到非常饑餓才進入“酮癥”狀態。
Many people enter this phase if they are on a low-carb diet, or professional athletes who use all their carbs for an extended period of time - like marathon runners - will be in this state as well.
如果人的飲食碳水化合物含量很低時也會進入這一階段。或者長期食用所有碳水化合物用于訓練的專業運動員，比如馬拉松運動員，也會進入這種狀態。
However, beyond 72 hours, not only will your mood and energy suffer, but your brain will start to break down your body’s own protein. The proteins release amino acids which can be converted into glucose - which is great news for your brain, but bad news for your body. Basically, youre body is cannibalizing itself by destroying your muscle mass. In women, undernutrition often shuts down the menstrual cycle as the body tries to reduce energy expenditure. Bone density diminishes, and both men and women may experience loss of libido.
然而，72小時后，不僅你的情緒和能量會受到影響，你的大腦也會開始身體的蛋白質。這些蛋白質會釋放出氨基酸，可以轉化為葡萄糖——這對你的大腦來說是好消息，但是對身體來說是消息。從根本上來說，你的身體通過破壞自身的肌肉群來自殘。在女性中，營養不良通常會封閉月經周期，因為身體試圖減少能量消耗。骨密度也減小，男性和女性都會遭遇性欲減退。
Within a few weeks, the body’s immune system will be so weakened without any vitamins or minerals, that many will die from disease. Otherwise, it will continue to use up all energy sources until there is no glucose, fat, tissue, or muscle mass left.
幾周內，身體免疫系統減弱，沒有任何維他命和礦物質，許多人會死于疾病。否則，會繼續耗光所有能量源，直到沒有任何葡萄糖，脂肪，組織或者肌肉群。
One of the more common causes of death is cardiac arrhythmia or heart attack, due to the tissue degradation in the heart diaphragm and body. This is fairly common in those suffering from anorexia. Of course, the body experiences severe organ failure all around.
造成死亡更常見的原因之一就是心律失常或心臟病，因為心臟隔膜和身體組織退化。在厭食癥患者中，這更為常見，身體遭遇嚴重的器官衰竭。
Starvation can lead to death in as short as three weeks, or up to 70 days as documented during the Irish Hunger Strikes in 1981. Though the duration of survival is greatly influenced by how hydrated you are and the amount of fat reserves your body has. Which in some ways is incredible - that the body can sustain
for so long with no food.
饑餓會導致三周內出現死亡，或者1981年愛爾蘭饑餓抗議活動記錄到的70天。然而，生存時限受到補水情況和身體脂肪含量的顯著影響。這是有些難以置信的，身體很長時間內沒有進食還可以存活下來。
And yet, approximately 795 million people around the world have to deal with this reality.
是的，全世界大約7.95億人必須面臨這樣的現實。
The good news is that the 7 richest countries have pledged to lift 500 million people out of hunger and malnutrition by 2030 - but we need to hold them accountable. We’re working with an organization called Global Citizen to do just that, and here’s a really easy way you can help too!
好消息是，世界上7個最富裕的國家承諾2030年以前幫助5億人擺脫饑餓和營養不良——但是我們必須讓他們為此負責。我們正與一個叫做“全球公民”的組織合作，你也可以獻出自己的愛心。
