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Major Scenic Sites
主要景點
Xidi Village
西遞村
1.Archway of Hu Wen-guang
1.胡文光牌坊
Archway of Hu wen-guang，popularly referred to as Archway of Xidi village，has a history of over 400 years since its erecting in 1578 in Ming Dynasty. Hu Wen-guang was a native of the village，who passed the civil service examination and was assigned as the magistrate of Wanzai County，Jiangxi Province，then Regional Director of Jiao Prefecture，an official of King Jing，and awarded with the rank of a Grade IV official. Because of his excellent administrative achievement，the emperor approved the erection of his archway of honor as a reward.
胡文光牌坊俗稱西遞牌樓，建于明萬歷六年( 1578 )，距今已有400多年的歷史。當時的西遞人胡文光(1521一1593)中了嘉靖乙卯科進士，先被朝廷任命為江西萬載縣知縣，后任膠州刺史、荊王府長史，授四品朝列大夫，因其政績顯著，被皇帝恩準救建這座牌坊。
2. Jing' al Hall
2.敬愛堂
This hall of respect of love for ancestor seats on the east bank of front stream,the largest shrine remaining in Xidi village. It was originally the residence of Hu Shiheng，the 14th generation ancestor of the clan. First constructed in Ming Dynasty,later damaged in a fire，the hall was restored in Qing Dynasty as the clan shrine. It is a wood and brick structured building typical of Anhui architecture，covering 1 800 m2，as the center where the whole village expanded out.
敬愛堂位于前邊溪東岸，是西遞村現(xiàn)存最大的祠堂。敬愛堂原為西遞胡氏十四世祖仕亨公住宅，始建于明萬歷年間，后被毀于火災(zāi)，到清乾隆年間才重建為宗祠。敬愛堂是一座面積達1 800平方一米的典型徽派磚木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，整個村莊就是以它為中心展開布局的。
3. Zhuimu Hall
3.追慕堂
This memorial hall is located at the upper of Street Dalu，first constructed in 1794 to commemorate the ancestors of Hu clan as a reminder of the historical origin of Li family and Hu family.
追慕堂位于大路街上方，建于清乾隆甲寅年(1794)，用以追思慕念胡氏先祖，使后人勿忘當年的李胡皇族淵源。
4. Kuanggu House
4.曠古齋
Entering the village and going on along the slab road to Street Dalu，visitors would see an old and grand mansion:Kuanggu House，or Ancient House. It was originally a courtyard house of family residence constructed in Qing Dynasty，with its Three Carvings of brick, wood，and stone well preserved.
從西遞村頭沿青石板路走進村中大路街，可看到一座高大的老房子，這便是曠古齋。曠古齋是一座庭院式的私家宅院，建J立清康熙年間，如今齋內(nèi)的磚、木、石三雕都基本保持原樣。
5. Ruiyu Courtyard
5.瑞玉庭
Or Courtyard of Lucky Jade，this is a typical house of Hui merchants，built in Qing Dynasty at the entrance of Cross Street.
瑞玉庭位于橫路街，建于清咸豐年間，是一座有代表性的徽商住宅。
6. Garden of Peach and Plum
6桃李園
The garden seats at the middle of Cross Street，built in Qing Dynasty. It was the family mansion of Hu Yuan-xi，a merchant of Hui from Xidi. The mansion consists of the main building and its courtyard，in a format of 3-room wide，3-courted,and 2-storyed. The second story of the second court has an opening for sunlight and ventilation of the whole house.
桃李園位于橫路街中部，建于清咸豐年間，由正屋和庭院組成，是西遞徽商胡元熙的舊宅。正屋為三間二進三樓結(jié)構(gòu)，二進樓L二設(shè)有“樓井”，可使整座房屋空氣流通，光線充足。
7. West Garden and East Garden
7.西園、東園
West Garden is situated at the middle of Cross Street，the former family house of Hu Wen-zhao，a Grade IV official in ding Dynasty. The mansion consists of three courts，separated by low walls.
西園在中橫路街土，是清道光年間四品官員胡文照的私宅庭院分前、中、后幾進，以低墻相隔。
Parallel to West Garden is East Garden，built about 260 years ago in Qing Dynasty. It is an ancient mansion of multiple units，plain in style. The gate is not big，but particularly delicate，with the words‘East Garden" inscribed above.
東園與酉園相對應(yīng)，建于清雍正年間，距今有260年歷史，是一組多單元的古老住宅，風格古樸。東園門不大，但卻極為精致，門額上刻行朽“東園”二字。
8. Yingfu Hall
8.膺福堂
This was the private residence of Hu Shang-zeng，a Grade II official of Qing Dynasty，the highest in rank among those from Xidi village. The mansion was built in Emperor Kangxi's reign，3-court and 3-story in structure.
膺福堂是西遞官職最高的清二品官胡尚增的私邸，建于清康熙年間，為三進三樓結(jié)鉤。
9. Dunren Hall
9.惇仁堂
This house seats by the front stream，built in Qing Dynasty as the residence for his retired years by Hu Guan-san，number one merchant of Hui in the village and one of“the six rich men in southern China".
惇仁堂位于前邊溪f畔，建于清康熙年間，為村中徽商泰斗，有“江南六富”之一美譽的胡貫三晚年的居所。
10. Shangde Hall
10.尚德堂
Meaning“Virtue Hall”in Chinese，it is located at the upper of front stream ,built 400 years ago in Ming Dynadty，the oldest of its kind in Xidi village.
尚德'堂位于前邊溪上游，始建f明萬歷年間，距今約有四百年的歷史，是目前西遞村最古老的明代民居建筑。
11. Stream Villa
11.臨溪別墅
In Xidi village，the street along Rear Stream is particularly scenic with house holds，bridges and brooks. Among the houses here is this distinguished folk's villa,constructed in Qing Dynasty as part of the former Maoxiu(Diligent Cultivation) hall，specially set up for leisure and study.
西遞占村落的后邊溪街處處有小橋流水人家景色，其中建于此地的臨溪別墅是一座極為別致的民宅。它始建于清道光年間，為當年“懋修堂”建筑的重要部分，是一座適合于休閑讀書的宅院。
Hongcun village
宏村
1. South Lake School
1.南湖書院
South Lake is beautiful with its picturesque landscape. In later Ming Dynasty the villagers set up six private schools by the north of the lake，called“Six Schools by the Lake"，for the education of the clan's youngsters. In 1814，the six schools merged into one and named as“Intellectual Family School”，also referred to as South Lake School. As a representative complex of ancient schools in Hui prefecture，South Lake School is now under the special provincial protection.
宏村的南湖景色秀陰，風暴如畫。明末宏村人在南湖北畔建塾六所，稱“倚湖六院”，專供族中子弟受業(yè)解惑。清嘉慶一十九年(1814)，劉元合并重建，。取名為以文家塾，又名南湖書院。
2. Lexu Hall
2.樂敘堂
Also called Hall of All Families，it is the primary shrine of the Wang clan，located at the north of Moon Pond in the village and constructed together with the pond in Ming Dynasty
樂敘常又名眾家廳，是宏村的汪氏總、詞，位于村中月塘一化畔，與月塘同建于明水樂年間。
3. South Lake
3.南湖
This lake of Hongcun village is praised as“the minor West Lake by the foot of Yellow Mountain".It is so named because its position is right in the south of the village. First dug in 1607，the man-made lake holds about 2 hectares of water expause，in a shape of a big bow.
宏村的南湖有“黃山腳下小西湖”之美譽，因位于宏村正南方而得名，始建于明萬歷年間(1607），是占地面積為2公頃的人工湖。
4. Moon Pond
4.月沼
From South Lake along the ditch northward to the certer of the village，visitors come to a crescent pool、called Moon Fen or Moon Pond，which is the“stomach" of Hongcun viiiage，and the site of‘'Early Spring at Moon Pond"，one of the eight scenes of the village.
從南湖沿水圳_比卜，到村中便可見一占地數(shù)千平方米的半月形池塘，名月沼或月塘，這就是宏村的“牛胃”。“月沼春曉”為宏村八景之一。
5. Water Conduit
5.水圳
This watercourse of the village is the‘。ox intestine"，leading in water from Shijie，the“ox tongue" west of the village。where water falls on the rock like pearls，then runs forward in the shade of trees along side West Stream. Here is another one of the village's eight scenes:Water Ripples at Shijie.
宏村里被稱為“牛腸”的水圳起源于村西的“牛舌”—石碣頭。石碣上水珠濺玉，兩溪兩岸綠樹成蔭，這里是宏村八景之一的“石碣縈波”。
6. Chengzhi Hall
6.承志堂
Chengzhi(Ambition Succeeding)Hall seats at the middle of the water conduit. It was the family house of Wang Ding-gui，a prominent salt dealer in later Qing Dynasty. The house was built in 1855，now under provincial protection as a key historical site.
承志,堂坐落于水圳中段、始建于清咸豐五年(I 855 )，是清末大盆商汪定貴的住宅。現(xiàn)為省級重點文物保護單位。
7. Lexian Hall
7.樂賢堂
Lexian(Sage Pleasing)Hall was built on the main street of the village in 1699， occupying 411 m2 with 358m- floor space. This is one of the“three primary halls"(the other two are Sanli Hall and Baoyi Hall)，now under the provincial protection as historical sites.
樂賢堂地處宏村正街，始建于清康熙三十八年(1699),占地411平方米，建筑面積358平方米，是清初汪氏后裔所建的“三大堂屋”之一(另兩座為三立堂和寶貽堂）屬省級文物保護單位。
8. Deyi Hall
8.德義堂
Deyi(Virtue and Righteousness)Hall is a typical waterside residence，first constructed in 1815，covering only 220m2with 144m2 floor space. Within a relatively small area，the house is arranged and decorated like a garden，with potted landstapes and flowers and trees as well.
德義堂是一座典型的皖南水榭式民居，始建于清嘉慶二十年(1815)，占地僅220平方米，建筑面積144平方米。在不大的空間甩，施以園林式建筑布局，小至盆景，大至果木，一一鋪設(shè)。
9. Green Garden
9.碧園
It is also a waterside mansion which lies near the source of the village's water conduit. First built towards the end of Ming Dynasty，it was later damaged，then restored in 1825，covering 278m} with 256m- total floor space. Facing south by a pond of running water，the mansion has a courtyard，a garden，a pond ,a tower pavilion，and a wood carving tower.
碧園水榭宅在宏村水圳頭附近，始建J明末，后被毀、硯建于清道光十五年(1825)，占地278平方米，建筑而積256平方米.山庭院、花園、水塘、樓個和木雕樓組成，建筑手法樸實洗練，環(huán)境幽靜淡雅.
Other Attractions Around the Place
周邊名勝
1. Zouma Tower
1.走馬樓
Meaning literally“horses passable below" and also called Lofty Tower，it stands west of Archway of Hu Wen-guang at the village entrance，quickly set up by Hu Guan-san，the richest and the number one merchant of the village，to welcome and honor Premier Cao Zheng-yong，father-in-law of Hu's son.
位于村頭胡文光牌坊西側(cè)的走馬樓又稱“凌云閣”，始建于清道光年間.是當年西遞首富胡貫三為迎接其親家，當朝宰川曹振墉的到來而突擊營造的。
2. Embroidery Tower
2.繡樓
This is the tower beside the Official's Mansion(Daifu Di)at the cross of Street Dalu and Cross Street. The mansion owner wasted no waste of this little lot beside the mansion for this tower by the street. The folktale is that his daughter once chose her husband by throwing down an embroidery ball to the lucky young man,therefore the tower is so called.
位于大路街與橫路街交匯處的大尺第邊，是大夫第主人利用正屋旁隙地建起的一座臨街閣樓。傳說胡家小姐曾在此樓上拋繡球擇婿，因而又被稱為“小姐繡樓“。
3. Nanping Village
3.南屏村
It is 4km west of Yixian County and it has a histor,} as long as over 1 100years. There are now in the village 8 temples，36 wells .72 lanes and more than 300 houses built in Ming and Qing Dynasties .
位于黔縣城西4公里處，有1100多年歷史村中有36眼井、72條巷和300多幢明清古民居，現(xiàn)存祠堂8個，且有族祠、家祠和支祠之分，被譽為“中國占祠堂建筑博物館”。
4. Guanlu Village
4.關(guān)麓村
It is about 2km west of Nanping Village. Most of the houses here used to belong to the eight brothers of the Rich Guan's.
在南屏村以西約2公里處。關(guān)麓村古時有關(guān)麓八大家，實際仁是同姓的八兄弟，是大戶人家，柯舉尤部分房子都是這八兄弟的家宅。
5. Tachuan Village
5.塔川村
It is only 2km away from Hongcun Village and it is built on the mountain. The group of ancient houses on the mountain slope look like a huge tower in the distance，so is the name“Tower"(Ta in Chinese);and a clear stream running right through the village and bring a lot of happiness to the people here，thus the word “Stream"(Chuan in Chinese)was remembered. That is the origin of the name of the vsllage:Tachuan.
塔川村即離宏村僅2公里處。該村依山而建，飛檐翹角的古民居，層層疊疊，錯落有致，遠遠望去，就好像一座寶塔矗立在山谷之中，此為“塔”之來歷。一條清澈的小溪穿村潺潺流過，給小村帶來生機靈氣，此為“川”之來歷。塔川村因此而得名。
