評論
打印
Protests in Hungary
匈牙利的抗議
Opposing Orban
反對歐爾班
More anti-government protests, but little change from the prime minister
反政府抗議越來越多，但總理大人做出的改變太少
HUNGARIANS are taking to the streets. More than 10,000 gathered outside the parliament in Budapest on November 17th to protest against alleged corruption and the centralisation of power. Similar protests took place in other cities, including Miskolc in the east and Szeged and Pecs in the south. Several hundred Hungarians even gathered in London's Trafalgar Square. The habit is catching: this week also saw big protests in neighbouring Slovakia and in the Czech Republic.
匈牙利人走上街頭。11月17日，超過10000名匈牙利人聚集在布達佩斯的國會外面抗議所謂的腐敗和權力集中。匈牙利其他城市也發生過類似的抗議活動，包括東部的米什科爾茨和南部的塞格德和佩奇。數百名匈牙利人甚至聚集在倫敦的特拉法加廣場。抗議活動正愈演愈烈：本周鄰國斯洛伐克和捷克共和國也爆發了大型抗議活動。
Hungary's protesters were encouraged partly by America's rising criticism of their government. Six Hungarian officials have been banned from entering the United States on suspicion of corruption, a rare rebuff to a NATO ally. American officials refuse to name them, on privacy grounds. However Ildiko Vida, head of the tax authority, told Magyar Nemzet, a pro-government newspaper, that she was one. She strongly denies any wrongdoing.
美國對匈牙利政府批評勢力的抬頭在一定程度上刺激了匈牙利的抗議活動。六名匈牙利官員因為涉嫌腐敗被禁止進入美國境內，這是美國拒絕北約成員國少有的例子之一。美國官方出于隱私保護，拒絕透露他們的姓名。然而，稅務機關的負責人Ildiko Vida在Magyar Nemzet—一份親政府報紙—上聲稱自己就是六個官員其中之一，但她強烈否認有任何不正當行為。
Hungarian officials have asked for more information from the Americans. They reject claims that the country is sliding into authoritarianism. The protests are proof that Hungary remains a democracy, where people are free to express their opinion as long as they abide by the law, says Antal Rogan, parliamentary leader of the ruling right-wing Fidesz party.
匈牙利官員已向美國申請得到更多的信息。他們拒絕承認美國關于匈牙利正在走向專制的聲明。抗議活動就是匈牙利仍然民主的有力證明，只要國民遵守法律，他們可以自由的表達觀點，執政黨右翼青民盟的國會主席Antal Rogan如是說。
This week's protests followed a bigger one on October 28th, when as many as 100,000 people filled central Budapest to demand the cancellation of an internet tax that they saw as an attack on free speech. The crowds were mostly young, educated and middle class, the sort of people that Fidesz needs to attract. And they forced a rare U-turn by the government, when Viktor Orban, Hungary's prime minister, said the internet tax would be dropped in its current form. Instead he would launch a “national consultation” to consider ways in which to tax online profits.
本周抗議是繼10月28日爆發的更大規模的抗議之后的又一次活動，28日的抗議活動多達10萬人參加，他們聚集在布達佩斯中心要求取消互聯網稅，他們認為這是對自由言論的限制。參與抗議的大多數是年輕并受過教育的中產階級，而這正是青民盟需要爭取的群體。政府被迫進行政策“掉頭”，匈牙利總理維克多·歐爾班表示互聯網稅將會在現有基礎上被廢除。相反，他可能進行“國家咨詢”商討如何對互聯網利潤征稅。
The latest protesters have a harder task because their demands, including the resignation of the government, are unrealistic. This year Fidesz has won national, local and European elections. As the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe noted, the victories were due in part to the government's tinkering with election rules in its favour. Yet the fractured liberal and left-wing opposition means that the alternative lacks appeal.
最近的一次抗議活動有著更為艱巨的任務，因為他們要求政府辭職的訴求并不現實。今年，青民盟贏得了國家、地方和歐洲的選舉。歐洲安全與合作組織指出，青民盟勝出的一部分原因在于政府對選舉規則按照有利于他們的方向修修補補。然而支離破碎的左翼反對派自由黨似乎又缺乏吸引力。
Demographic change is also working against the opposition. The Hungarian embassy in London says that around 100,000 Hungarian citizens live in Britain, but the true figure could be higher. Many expatriate Magyars are young, multilingual, educated and entrepreneurial. A good number have left Hungary because they see no future under Fidesz rule.
人口結構的變化也在支持政府改組。位于倫敦的匈牙利大使館表示大約10萬匈牙利公民居住在倫敦，準確的數據可能更高。許多外籍馬扎爾人是充滿活力的年輕人，掌握多門語言，受過良好教育并且具有創業精神的。很大一批外籍馬扎爾人已經離開匈牙利，因為他們在青民盟的領導下看不到未來。
Mr Orban has long made clear his disdain for liberal norms, never more so than in his speech in Baile Tusnad, Romania, on July 26th when he said that Hungary would remain a democracy, but become an “illiberal state”. The European Union has proved unwilling or unable to rein him in. Instead, as the entry-ban row shows, the pressure is mostly coming from America. President Barack Obama recently bracketed Hungary with Egypt and Azerbaijan as countries in which civil society felt intimidated. Concerns are growing inside Fidesz about the wisdom of taking on the world's superpower.
歐爾班早就明確表示他蔑視自由的準則。7月26號，他在羅馬尼亞的伯伊萊圖什納德發表演講時就已經表達的不能再清楚了，他認為匈牙利仍然會保持民主，但會成為一個“不自由國家”。歐盟已經不愿意也不能夠讓歐爾班改變想法。相反，入境限制表示最大的壓力還是來自美國。最近，美國總統奧巴馬把匈牙利、埃及和阿塞拜疆列入公民社會受到威脅的國家。青民盟內部對于如何機智地應對超級大國的關注日益上升。
Younger members of Fidesz are critical of the government's policies, says Akos Balogh, of Mandiner.hu, an influential conservative blog. Hungary is losing friends and allies, he adds. It will struggle on the European and world stage if it acts with the arrogance that Fidesz shows at home.
在一個十分具有影響力的保守黨博客Mandiner.hu上，Akos Balogh說道，青民盟的年輕成員都批評政府的政策。他還說，匈牙利正在失去朋友和盟友。如果它繼續表現出青民盟在國內的囂張氣焰，匈牙利將會在歐洲和世界舞臺上艱難生存。譯者：胡雅琳 校對：朱大素
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