the bays that have been frozen up all winter,這些海灣已封凍了一整個冬天

froze up:凍結

The cooking utensil were frozen up in the ice.

炊具都給凍在冰里了。

The water pipe froze up.

這水管凍結了。

but are now opening up.而現在剛開始解凍

open up:打開, 開發, 展現, 開始, 揭露, 開放

After a few drinks he began to open up a bit.

他喝了幾杯酒話就多起來了。

The book will open up to readers new vistas on economic thinking.

這本書將為讀者展現經濟思想的新遠景。

cutting off the air that they need to breathe.隔絕它們所需的空氣

cut off:切斷, 使隔絕

He was cut off from his fellows.

他和同伴失去聯系。

The heavy wind cut off the wire.

大風刮斷了電線。