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In one campaign, with General Lee's forces threatening Washington,
在其中一場戰役里，當李將軍的部隊逼近華盛頓
Lincoln responds by telegraphing direct orders to his generals.
林肯用電報直接向將軍們下令
The exposed position of General Banks makes his immediate relief a point of paramount importance.
班克斯將軍的位置已暴露，因此當務之急是解除他的指揮權
You are therefore directed by the President to move against Jackson at Harrisonburg.
你現在直接聽命于總統立刻移師哈里斯堡迎戰杰克遜部
This movement must be made immediately.
務必立即出發
In the course of the war,Lincoln sends almost 1000 telegrams from the small office.
整個南北戰爭期間林肯從這個小辦公室發出了約1000份電報
But the South never grasps the potential of the telegraph in creating a centralized command and control system.
但南方從未意識到電報的這一潛力它可以建立一個集中的指揮和控制系統
It means Southern generals like Lee must plan their battles without that kind of strategic overview.
這也意味像李這樣南方的將軍們只能在沒有戰略全局觀的條件下指揮作戰
As the war continues,Lincoln brings down the hammer of his war machine.
隨著戰爭的繼續，林肯使出了他那戰爭機器的致命殺招
Industry,Lines of communication and supplies,manpower and firepower, are all marshalled to deliver a blow after blow to the Confederate Army.
工業，通訊和供給線路，兵力火力都被調動起來向南方聯盟軍發動一波接一波的攻擊
But the South,bolstered by the belief in the rightness of its cause doggedly refuses to give in.
然而南方堅信他們是在為正義而戰, 仍舊負隅頑抗拒絕投降
As a result, the death toll just keeps rising.
因此,死亡人數不斷攀升
At Antietam in 1862, 6,000 are killed,17,000 wounded.
1862年安提耶坦一役中6000士兵陣亡, 17000士兵負傷
Over four times as many as during world War II's D-Day landings.
是二戰時諾曼底登陸死傷人數的四倍
The carnage will trigger a revolution in battlefield medicine.
巨大的傷亡催生了一場戰地醫療的革命
3/4 of all operations conducted by army surgeons during the Civil War are amputations.
內戰時期軍隊外科醫生實施的手術四分之三均為截肢
Letters from surgeon William Watson record what these battlefield ERs were like.
外科醫生威廉·沃森所寫的信里記錄了當時戰場上急診醫師的工作狀況
Day before yesterday I performed 14 amputations without leaving the table.
前天，我一共進行了14個截肢手術一刻也沒有離開手術臺
I do not exaggerate when I say
我可以毫不夸張地說
I have performed at the least calculation, 50 amputations.
算起來我起碼做了50臺截肢手術
There are so many severely wounded to the joints.
很多士兵的關節受了重傷
There are so many operations yet to be performed.
還有很多手術要做
Surgeon Theodore Dimon describes the hideous wounds left by weapons like the Minie ball.
外科醫生西奧多·戴蒙描述了由迷你彈這類武器所造成的可怕傷口
