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Lesson 55 Potatoes.
第55課：土豆。
In many parts of the world, particularly in Northern Europe and North America, people eat a lot of potatoes. Like many important foods, it was introduced to England from North America at the time of Queen Elizabeth. Nowadays it is such an important part of the Englishman's diet that it is difficult to imagine how he used to manage without it.
在世界的很多地方，特別是北歐和北美，人們食用大量的土豆。如同其他重要的食物一樣，土豆在伊麗莎白時期從北美傳入英國。如今，土豆已經成為了英國人飲食中非常重要的一部分，所以很難想象在土豆傳入之前英國人是怎么生活的。
Potatoes can be cooked in many different ways. The four main methods used in England are boiling, baking, roasting and frying.
烹飪土豆的方式很多。在英國四種主要的方式是煮、烤、燒和炸。
When one boils a potato one cuts it up and cooks it in a saucepan with boiling water and a little salt. They usually take twenty minutes or half an hour to cook.Potatoes are also baked. They are put in an oven for about half an hour. Usually they are not peeled. Baked potatoes with their skins on are called potatoes in their jackets.
煮土豆時，把土豆切好，放入盛有沸水的燒鍋里，加入一點鹽。通常要煮上20分鐘或半個小時。也可以烤土豆。把土豆放在烤箱里大約半個小時。通常烤土豆是不剝皮的。不剝皮烤出來的土豆稱為帶皮的土豆。
Roasting is like baking because it is usually done in an oven. The main difference between baking and roasting is that when baking one does not use fat, but in roasting one does. For their Sunday lunch many English people usually have roast beef with roast potatoes.
燒和烤很相似，通常也是在烤箱里完成。燒和烤的主要區別在于烤的時候不放油，而燒的時候是要用油的。很多英國人通常都拿燒牛肉和燒土豆作為星期天的午餐。
Frying is like roasting because fat or oil is used but one does not use an oven. There are two main ways of frying potatoes. One can cut them into slices and fry them in a special shallow pan called a frying pan. The other way is called deep frying. The slices of potatoes are put into a deep pan or metal box full of oil. This is like boiling except that one uses oil instead of water.
炸與燒很相似，要放油脂或者油，但是炸的時候是不用烤箱的。有兩種炸土豆的方法，一種方法是把土豆切成片，放在一種稱為煎鍋的淺底鍋里炸。另外一種方法稱為深炸，把土豆片放到盛滿油的深鍋或金屬鍋里炸，這很像煮，不過用的是油而不是水。
