最近，全世界都在關(guān)心“關(guān)稅”。今天，Jenny和Jason就要分享”稅“在英語里不同的表達(dá)。

1. Tariff/tariffs: 關(guān)稅

Impose/put in place tariffs: 征收關(guān)稅。Impose帶有強(qiáng)制性的意思，而put in place的意思是開始執(zhí)行，因此更為婉轉(zhuǎn)、中性

Increase/decrease/lower tariffs: 增加/減少/降低關(guān)稅

Trade tariff: 貿(mào)易關(guān)稅

Protective tariff: 保護(hù)性關(guān)稅

Reciprocal tariff: 對(duì)等關(guān)稅

Retaliatory tariff: 報(bào)復(fù)性關(guān)稅

“Penguin tariff”: “企鵝關(guān)稅“

Tariff也可以作為動(dòng)詞使用，如“It would be a blow to global trade if countries start to tariff one another.”

2. Tax: 稅、稅收，這個(gè)詞用來描述除關(guān)稅以外大多數(shù)的稅，因此使用頻率更高

名詞：

Income tax: 個(gè)人所得稅

Capital gains tax: 資本利得稅/投資獲利所得稅

Value added tax (VAT)：增值稅

File taxes: 報(bào)稅

Tax return: 報(bào)稅

Tax refund: 退稅

動(dòng)詞 （使用頻率沒有名詞高） ：

Some countries don’t tax investment income: 有些國(guó)家不收投資獲利所得稅

The US just started taxing crypto gains: 美國(guó)最近開始征收加密貨幣所得稅

形容詞: Taxing, 意思是“給人造成負(fù)擔(dān)的、繁重的、使人疲憊的”，使用范圍很廣，不僅限于描述稅收相關(guān)事務(wù)

While the pay was good, the job was too taxing on me both mentally and physically: 雖然薪水不錯(cuò)，但那份工作讓我身心疲憊

Public speaking can be very taxing as it requires you to be emotionally engaging: 公眾發(fā)言很累，因?yàn)樗枰阍谇榫w上投入、飽滿

The hike was so taxing. I need to sit down and recover for a bit: 爬山太累了，我要歇一歇、恢復(fù)一下

最后，分享兩個(gè)和tax相關(guān)的口語說法:

Mental tax: 精神稅，指持續(xù)消耗你精力、注意力、情緒的人事物

Dealing with toxic relationships can impose a serious mental tax on people: 應(yīng)對(duì)有毒的人際關(guān)系會(huì)讓人精神上飽受折磨

The pressure to always share your life on social media can create a constant mental tax: 在社交媒體上分享自己生活的壓力會(huì)造成持續(xù)的精神負(fù)擔(dān)

智商稅：英語里并沒有這個(gè)說法，但是ignorance tax是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的表達(dá)

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