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第四十二課 虛擬語氣（二）
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們要學(xué)習(xí)用 "如果" if, i-f, if 作假設(shè)性的句子來表達(dá)跟現(xiàn)在的情 況相反的條件和結(jié)果. 比方你的好朋友邀請你跟他一起去看電影,可是你必須 念書, 不能去, 所以你就告訴他: "如果不是我得念書, 我就跟你去看電影." 這 句話英文應(yīng)該這么說: If I didn't have to study, I would go to the movies with you.
現(xiàn)在我們來聽英文老師念一段對(duì)話, 多舉幾個(gè)例子給你聽. 對(duì)話的內(nèi)容是說 凱特的父母搬到佛羅里達(dá)州, 凱特很想念他們,亨利想法子安慰她的情況. 請 你注意聽兩位英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
F: I miss my folks. I wish we could see them.
M: Well, if they lived closer, we would see them more often.
F: If we owned a bigger house, they could live with us.
M: You know they would never do that. They would feel that they were intruding.
F: You're right. But I wish I were with them now. Let's go visit them.
M: All the way to Florida? We could if we didn't have to work and if the kids didn't have school.
F: Maybe they will come to visit us when it gets warmer.
M: I'm sure they will. Maybe we can go there to see them this summer on vacation.
Meanwhile, why don't you call them on the phone?
F: I just did. That's why I miss them so much right now.
現(xiàn)在老師用慢速度再把整個(gè)對(duì)話念一遍.
F: I miss my folks. I wish we could see them.
M: Well, if they lived closer, we would see them more often.
F: If we owned a bigger house, they could live with us.
M: You know they would never do that. They would feel that they were intruding.
F: You're right. But I wish I were with them now. Let's go visit them.
M: All the way to Florida? We could if we didn't have to work and if the kids didn't have school.
F: Maybe they will come to visit us when it gets warmer.
M: I'm sure they will. Maybe we can go there to see them this summer on vacation.
Meanwhile, why don't you call them on the phone?
F: I just did. That's why I miss them so much right now.
現(xiàn)在我把對(duì)話里包含今天要學(xué)的語法的句子挑出來,請老師再念一遍給你聽.
M: If they lived closer, we would see them more often.
F: If we owned a bigger house, they could live with us.
M: If they lived with us, they would feel that they were intruding.
M: We could if we didn't have to work and if the kids didn't have school.
二.用 IF 引導(dǎo)跟現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況
聽了上面那些句子, 你可能已經(jīng)注意到怎么表達(dá)跟現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況.在下 面一組練習(xí)里你可以更仔細(xì)地把事實(shí)跟假設(shè)作個(gè)比較. 練習(xí)的作法是亨利用 現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)說一句話, 比方 "我們沒有大房子. 他們不能跟我們一起住." We don't have a big house. They cannot live with us. 接著凱特就用過去時(shí)態(tài)把句 子改成:"如果我們有大房子,他們就可以跟我們一塊住." If we had a big house, they could live with us.這組練習(xí)的內(nèi)容都是說到凱特的愿望.這些愿望都跟凱 特的父母有關(guān)系. 練習(xí)里有些詞匯可能你不熟, 比方"照顧他們" take care of them,"照料他們自己" look after themselves, "陪伴他們" keep the company 等 等.請你在聽老師念句子的時(shí)候一方面注意語法的變化, 一方面注意詞匯.
M: We don't have a big house. They cannot live with us.
F: If we had a big house, they could live with us.
M: They don't live with us. We cannot see them everyday.
F: If they lived with us. We could see them everyday.
M: We don't see them every day. We cannot take care of them.
F: If we saw them everyday, we could take care of them.
M: They are not young. They cannot look after themselves.
F: If they were young, they could look after themselves.
M: We have jobs in Seattle. We cannot move to Florida.
F: If we didn't have jobs in Seattle, we could move to Florida.
M: Long distance phone calls are expensive. We cannot talk to them everyday.
F: If long distance phone calls weren't expensive, we could talk to them everyday.
M: We are busy. We cannot go to visit them.
F: If we weren't busy, we could go to visit them.
M: Our kids have to go to school. They cannot visit the grandparents.
F: If our kids didn't have to go to school, they could visit the grandparents.
M: We cannot visit them. We cannot keep them company.
F: If we could visit them, we could keep them company.
M: We are not there with them. We cannot buy groceries for them.
F: If we were there with them, we could buy groceries for them.
M: We are not living with them. We cannot do their laundry for them.
F: If we were living with them, we could do their laundry for them.
