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第四十一課 虛擬語氣（一）
一.本課要點及示例
在這一課里, 我們學(xué)習(xí)用助動詞 should 和 could 加上 have再加上動詞的過去 分詞作句子來表示跟過去事實相反的情況, 比方 "你昨天不應(yīng)該開他的車." You shouldn't have driven his car yesterday. 或是"我本來可以到超級市場去." I could have gone to the supermarket. 我們還要學(xué)習(xí)用助動詞 might 或是 must 加上 have 和動詞的過去分詞來表示猜測過去發(fā)生的事情, 比方 "他昨天可能 說了." He might have said it yesterday. 或是 "他昨天一定到過這兒了." He must have been here yesterday.
現(xiàn)在我們還是先聽一段對話,內(nèi)容是說瑪麗和彼得到飯館去吃飯, 結(jié)果彼得肚 子不舒服. 請你注意聽兩位英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
M: Mary, I don't feel too well. I have a stomach ache.
F: Well, you shouldn't have eaten all that pizza.
M: I didn't have that much. Besides it might have been something else that I ate.
F: What else did you eat?
M: I had a salad. Something in the salad could have upset my stomach.
F: Maybe, but I had a salad too, and I feel fine. What kind of dressing did you have on your salad?
M: Just oil and vinegar.
F: Then I don't think it was the salad. It must have been the pizza. Anyway, I hope you feel better soon.
M: Thanks, I think I'll lie down for a while.
現(xiàn)在老師再用慢速度把整段對話念一遍給你聽.
M: Mary, I don't feel too well. I have a stomach ache.
F: Well, you shouldn't have eaten all that pizza.
M: I didn't have that much. Besides it might have been something else that I ate.
F: What else did you eat?
M: I had a salad. Something in the salad could have upset my stomach.
F: Maybe, but I had a salad too, and I feel fine. What kind of dressing did you have on your salad?
M: Just oil and vinegar.
F: Then I don't think it was the salad. It must have been the pizza. Anyway, I hope you feel better soon.
M: Thanks, I think I'll lie down for a while.
現(xiàn)在我把對話里包含了今天要學(xué)的語法的句子挑出來,請英文老師再念一遍 給你聽.
F: You shouldn't have eaten all that pizza.
M: It might have been something else that I ate.
M: Something in the salad could have upset my stomach.
F: It must have been the pizza.
二.SHOULDN'T HAVE
現(xiàn)在我們開始作練習(xí)首先我們練習(xí) shouldn't have 加上動詞過去分詞的用法.
以前我們學(xué)過怎么用 shouldn't 勸人不應(yīng)該作某件事情. 比方有個朋友在公共 汽車上抽煙,你看見了就告訴他: "你不應(yīng)該在公共汽車上 抽煙." You shouldn't smoke on a bus. 如果你的朋友告訴你, 他昨天在公共汽車上抽了煙, 你認(rèn)為他 昨天不應(yīng)該抽, 你就說: You shouldn't have smoked on a bus.
現(xiàn)在我們作第一組練習(xí),學(xué)學(xué)怎么表示不贊同別人過去作的事情. 在這組練習(xí) 里你還可以學(xué)到一些跟快速食品有關(guān)系的詞匯, 比方 "牛肉餅店"a hamburger joint, "乳酪牛肉餅" cheeseburger, "意大利餡餅店" a pizza parlor 等等. 練習(xí) 的作法是彼得說出一些過去時態(tài)句子, 比方: " 我去了一家快餐店, 在那兒吃 了一個烤牛肉三明治." I went to a fast food restaurant. I had a roastbeef sandwich there. 請你用 shouldn't have 加上動詞過去分詞把句子改成 You shouldn't have had a roastbeef sandwich there. 每作完一句, 老師就會把正 確答案念一遍給你聽.
M: I went to a fast food restaurant, I had a roastbeef sandwich there.
F: You shouldn't have had a roastbeef sandwich there.
M: I went to a hamburger joint. I ate a cheeseburger there.
F: You shouldn't have eaten a cheeseburger there.
M: I went to a pizza parlor. I ate 3 pieces of pizza there.
F: You shouldn't have eaten 3 pieces of pizza there.
M: I ate so much.
F: You shouldn't have eaten so much.
M: I had a big meal.
F: You shouldn't have had such a big meal.
