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第二十四課 被動語態（二）
一.本課要點及示例
在這一課里, 我們還是學習被動語態. 我們要把不同的動詞用在不同時態的被 動語態句子里, 反覆練習.
首先我們還是依照慣例聽一段對話. 這段對話的內容是說亨利跟同事南希談 到辦公室的各種變動. 請你注意聽兩位英文老師的發音和語調.
M: What's going on around here? All the offices were changed.
F: Haven't you heard? Where have you been, anyway?
M: I was sent to Chicago. I just got back.
F: Well, a lot of changes were made last week. For one thing, Marta was transferred.
M: Where is she now? Was she promoted?
F: Yes, she was transferred to the main office downtown.
M: I see. What about you? Were you promoted too?
F: No, at least not yet. But I was given a new office.
M: It's very nice. Congratulations!
現在我們把整段對話再聽一遍, 請你注意聽.
M: What's going on around here? All the offices were changed.
F: Haven't you heard? Where have you been, anyway?
M: I was sent to Chicago. I just got back.
F: Well, a lot of changes were made last week. For one thing, Marta was transferred.
M: Where is she now? Was she promoted?
F: Yes, she was transferred to the main office downtown.
M: I see. What about you? Were you promoted too?
F: No, at least not yet. But I was given a new office.
M: It's very nice. Congratulations!
下面我請老師把對話里的被動語態句子再念一遍給你聽.
M: All the offices were changed.
M: I was sent to Chicago.
F: A lot of changes were made last week.
F: Marta was transferred.
M: Was she promoted?
F: She was transferred to the main office downtown.
M: Were you promoted too?
F: I was given a new office.
二.被動語態
聽了上面那些句子, 你或許已經注意到每個句子都只是提到接受動作的對象 而沒有提到這些動作的執行者, 比方我們不知道是誰把瑪爾塔調走了, 是誰 給了南希一間新的辦公室等等. 其實在英文里凡是不知道誰是動作執行者,或 者這點并不重要的時候就常常用被動語態來表達意思.
下面我們作一組練習, 由男老師用 "某個人" someone 把剛才對話里的一些句 子用主動語態說出來,接著女老師把句子改成被動語態疑問句, 你聽了問句之 后請你用被動語態作肯定的答覆. 首先我們舉一個例子:
M: Someone changed all the offices.
F: Were all the offices changed?
M: Yes, all the offices were changed.
現在我們開始作練習, 每作完一句就請你聽老師念正確答案.
M: Someone changed all the offices.
F: Were all the offices changed?
M: Yes, all the offices were changed.
M: Someone sent Henry to Chicago.
F: Was Henry sent to Chicago?
M: Yes, Henry was sent to Chicago.
M: Someone made a lot of changes.
F: Were a lot of changes made?
M: Yes, a lot of changes were made.
M: Someone transferred Marta.
F: Was Marta transferred?
M: Yes, Marta was transferred.
M: Someone promoted Marta.
F: Was Marta promoted?
M: Yes, Marta was promoted.
M: Someone gave Nancy a new office.
F: Was Nancy given a new office?
M: Yes, Nancy was given a new office.
下面我們來復習不同時態的被動語態句子. 練習的作法是老師念一個過去式 被動語態句子, 接著老師念出一部份動詞詞組, 然后學生就把詞組代換到句 子里形成另外一種時態, 學生作練習的時候請你注意聽.
M: Several changes were made in the office.
M: have been
F: Several changes have been made in the office.
M: will be
F: Several changes will be made in the office.
M: can be
F: Several changes can be made in the office.
M: should be
F: Several changes should be made in the office.
M: need to be
F: Several changes need to be made in the office.
M: are going to be
F: Several changes are going to be made in the office.
M: are being
F: Several changes are being made in the office.
