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英譯漢當(dāng)中，在理解上和完成上難度較大的就是長句。寫了幾行，還是一句話，緊扣一個要點：斷句。斷句的基礎(chǔ)是什么？是對每一層意思的把握與劃分。不要一口吃個胖子，一句話想把一個長句說清，這樣做的后果很嚴(yán)重，第一上不來氣，第二別扭怪異。下筆之前先從容的理解一下，把長句“肢解”開，然后這個問題就簡單了。
翻譯段落：
Foundations are tax-free institutions that are created to give grants to both individuals and nonprofit organizations for activities that range from education, research, and the arts to support for the poor and the upkeep of exotic gardens and old mansions. They provide a means by which wealthy people and corporations can in effect decide how their tax payments will be spent, for they are based on money that otherwise would go to the government in taxes. From a small beginning at the turn of the century, they have become a very important factor in shaping developments in higher education and the arts.
Think tanks and university research institutes are nonprofit organizations that have been developed to provide settings for experts in various academic disciplines. In this way, they may devote their time to the study of policy alternatives free from the teaching and departmental duties that are part of the daily routine for most members of the academic community. Supported by foundation grants and government contracts, they are a major source of the new ideas that are discussed in the policy-formation groups.
參考譯文：
基金會是無須納稅的機(jī)構(gòu)，設(shè)立基金會是為個人和非贏利性組織從事從教育、研究和藝術(shù)到援助窮人、保護(hù)有異國情調(diào)的園林和古老宅第等活動提供資助。基金會為富人和大公司提供一種途徑，可由他們實際決定怎樣去花掉稅款，因為基金會靠的是在不設(shè)立基金的情況下本應(yīng)作為稅收繳納給政府的錢。本世紀(jì)（20世紀(jì)）初，基金會發(fā)端時其數(shù)量不多，到現(xiàn)在已成為決定高等教育和藝術(shù)發(fā)展的一個非常重要的因素。
智囊團(tuán)和大學(xué)研究所是非贏利性組織，成立這樣的組織是為了給各個學(xué)科的專家提供舞臺，使他們能擺脫教學(xué)和系里的工作，集中時間進(jìn)行政策抉擇方面的研究，而對于學(xué)術(shù)界大部分成員來說，教學(xué)和系里的工作是他們?nèi)粘９ぷ鞯囊徊糠帧Ｖ悄覉F(tuán)和大學(xué)研究所靠基金會的資助和政府合同獲得資金，它們是在政策制訂小組里討論的新思想的主要發(fā)源地。
