第三十二篇 人口與環境

計劃生育和環境保護是我國的基本國策，也是提高人民生活質量的重要條件。我們要重點抓好農村和流動人口的計劃生育管理和服務，控制人口增長。我們要加強優生優育工作，通過人口素質。

Family planning and environmental protection are China’s basic state policies and vital to improving the quality of people’s lives. We should concentrate our efforts on the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population so as to control population growth. We should improve prenatal and postnatal care and foster physical fitness among the population.

我們必須加強對耕地、水、樹林、草原、礦產、海洋、生物等資源的管理和保護，實行資源有償使用制度，促進資源的節約與合理利用。我們要嚴格控制和治理污染，加快重點地區和重點流域污染的治理，公布大城市環境質量監測指標。

We must tighten control over and protection of arable land, water, forests, grasslands, and mineral, sea and biological resources. We should institute a system of paid use of natural resources to ensure economical and rational uses. We should strictly deal with and control pollution and speed up pollution treatment in major regions and river valley. We should publish standards for monitoring environmental quality in large cities.

我國人口眾多，資源相對不足，經濟規模越來越大，經濟發展與資源和環境的矛盾日益突出，粗放型的經濟增長方式難以為繼。我們必須正確處理發展經濟同人口、資源、環境的關系，合理開發和綜合利用資源。我們要努力保護和改善生態環境，使經濟發展既滿足當代人的需要，又造福于子孫后代。

A country with a large population, relative insufficiency of natural resources and an expanding economy, China suffers an increasingly significant disparity between economic development on the one hand and natural resources and the environment on the other. It poses problems if we continue to maintain a merely quantitative and crude mode of development in our economic growth. We, therefore, must correctly handle the relationships between economic development on the one hand, and population growth, natural resources consumption and the environmental protection on the other. We should exploit our natural resources more rationally and make use of them in an integrated manner. We should do our best to protect and improve our ecological environment, so as to ensure that our economic development will not only meet the current needs of this generation, but benefit future generations.