增詞：原文意思在，表達不清楚，英文中如果不增詞，就表達不夠完整

減詞：原文中表達意思的詞在，如果漢語中不把詞減去的話，顯得累贅

如色狼：wolf 不能說color wolf

（一）添詞例子：

確保正確，不是100％必須

添加解釋說明性文字，添加必須性文字(重點)。

1、Mr. Edwards and Mr. Cheney offered a striking contrast in appearance as they sat side by side, with Mr. Cheney looking his 63 years and Mr. Edwards looking less than his 51.

來自《紐約時報》：愛得華茲先生與切尼先生并排就座時，外表殊為不同，切尼先生看上去與實際年齡63歲相仿，而愛得華茲先生看上去比實際年齡51歲年輕。

2、This great scientist was born in New England.

這位偉大的科學家出生于美國東北部的新英格蘭。

3、Those were the words that were to make the world blossom for me, “like Aaron’s rod, with flowers.” (high priest)
were to表示將來；Aaron是摩西的兄弟

正是這幾句話，日后讓整個世界在我面前如花展開，就像《圣經》中所說的“亞倫的杖開了花”。（來自美國的海倫凱勒）

4、三個臭皮匠，抵個諸葛亮

Two heads are better than one.
The wit of three cobblers surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind. (civic pride)

5、班門弄斧

to teach fish to swim; to teach the old granny to suck eggs
to show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter
陰: negative aspect of things

（二）減詞例子：

減去解釋說明性文字
減去原文有、不減難受的詞，減去必須性，必須減。

1、According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years).

英國電信的未來學家Ian Pearson認為，這些成就預計將出現在新千年頭幾十年之中。

2、We take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make prompt shipment of the merchandise.
告訴你們，可以立即裝船。

3、大會準備工作正在緊張有序地進行。

The preparations for the conference are underway in a busy but ordering manner.

4、失業問題一直是我們工作的中心。

The (issue of) unemployment has always been the centre/focus of our work.