CATTI二級口譯精講第39講講義

數字口譯二：數字與信息相結合

人們通常通過列舉數字來說明某一方面的情況。因此數字雖然十分重要但也只是說明情況的手 段而已。在翻譯時固然要集中精力記數字,當然也絕不能忽視講話中所要說明的內容。有時內容比數字甚至要重要的多，因為數字沒聽清 可以說大概，而內容沒聽清就什么也說不出來了。所以在聽數字信息時要把精力放在三個方面：
（1）描述的 是什么內容;
（2）趨勢是怎樣的, 是上升還是下降;
（3）什么數字, 注意力重點放在較高數位上。
例如在聽到“出口值上升了百分之七十六點五”時，在沒聽全數字時可譯為“出口值上升了百分之七十多”，在沒記下數字時可譯為：“出口值有大幅度上升”。但若沒聽清趨勢，即上升，或是沒聽清所 描述的對象，即出口值時，就很難處理了。以下是一些于數字有關地表達法：


1．趨勢的表達法

增加：increase, rise, grow, go up;
增長到：expand to, increase to, go up to, be up to, rise to;
增長了：go up by x%, increase by x%;
爬升：pick up, climb;
飚升：surge up, hike sth up, jump up, shoot up, soar, zoom up,skyrocket;
下降：decrease, decline, drop, fall, go down, reduce;
猛跌：plunge, be slashed, tumble;
稍降：be trimmed, dip, slip;
超過：outstrip, outpace, surpass, exceed, be more than, be over.

2．數值的表達法：

達到：reach, amount to, stand at, come to, be up to, arrive at, hit;
總計：total, add up to, amount to;
占（百分比）：account for, occupy, make up, take;
多達：be as much as, be as many as, be up to;
大約，約：about, around, some, approximately, roughly, more or less, in the neighborhood of, or so, or thereabouts, in the rough;
少于：less than, fewer than, under, below, within;
多于：more than, over, above, upwards of, and more, and odd, odd;
差不多：nearly, almost;
介于...之間：from A to B, between A and B, somewhere between A and B, anywhere between A and B;

3. 倍數表達法：

漢譯英：

（1）A是B 的5倍：
A is five times as large as B
A is five times larger than B

（2）A增加到原來的5倍：
A increases fivefold / (by ) five times / by a factor of five / by 400%.
（3）A減少到原來的1/5：
A decreases by five times / by a factor of five / by 80%.
There is fivefold decrease in A.
A is five times as small as before.
A is five times smaller than before.

英譯漢：

A increases by 6 times: A增加到原來的六倍；或A比原來增加了五倍。
A reduces by 3 times: A 減少到原來的三分之一； 或 A減少了兩倍。
A reduces by 30 times: A 減少了29倍
A is 2.5 times lighter than before: A比原來輕了1.5 倍。

數字練習：

Asia is now home to some of the fastest-growing AIDS epidemics in the world. In Asia, an estimated 7.4 million people (range: 5.0-10.5 million) are living with HIV. Around half a million are believed to have died of AIDS in 2003 and about twice as many-1.1 million became newly infected. //

0-Asia is faced with a narrow window of opportunity to prevent AIDS from having a more severe impact on the region. With 60% of the world's population, Asia is now home to some of the fastest-growing AIDS epidemics in the world. This is primarily due to sharp increases in HIV infections in China, Indonesia and Viet Nam, which together make up close to 50% of Asia's population. //

0-The region includes the world's most populous countries-China and India-with 2.25 billion people between them. In both countries, national HIV prevalence is low: 0.1% in China and between 0.4% and 1.3% in India. But a closer focus reveals that both have extremely serious epidemics in a number of provinces, territories and states. //

In China, 10 million people may be infected with HIV by 2010 unless effective action is urgently taken. The virus has spread to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, yet each area has its own distinctive epidemic pattern. For example, in Xinjiang, HIV prevalence among injecting drug users is 35-80%. In areas such as Anhui, Henan and Shandong, HIV gained a foothold in the early 1990s among rural people who were selling contaminated blood. //