口譯講評(píng) Comments on Interpretation
1.“綜合治理人口問題的道路”,如果字對(duì)字翻譯,會(huì)顯得比較生硬,有翻譯腔,可以將“道路”意譯為“辦法”即“approach”,并且變“綜合治理”為“綜合辦法”,即 “integral approach”更符合英文習(xí)慣。
2.“中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá)的情況下,用較短的時(shí)間實(shí)現(xiàn)了人口再生產(chǎn)類型從高出生、低死亡、高增 長(zhǎng)到低出生、低死亡、低增長(zhǎng)的歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變,走完了一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家數(shù)十年乃至上百年才走完的路。”此句看似 復(fù)雜,實(shí)際不難,翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)迅速抓住主結(jié)構(gòu)“中國(guó) 實(shí)現(xiàn) 轉(zhuǎn)變”,其他內(nèi)容用短語的形式填充,“走完了一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家數(shù)十年乃至上百年才走完的路”實(shí)際是“轉(zhuǎn)變”的同位語。該句譯為:“When economically still underdeveloped, China has accomplished a historic transition in population reproduction pattern from one featuring high birth rate, low death rate and high growth rate to one featuring low birth rate, low death rate and low growth rate in a relatively short period of time, a change that took decades or even up to a hundred years for developed countries to realize in the past.”
3.“女性從業(yè)人員占社會(huì)總從業(yè)人員的46.5%”。這個(gè)短句中有兩個(gè)“從業(yè)”,翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù),“女性從業(yè)人員”可譯為“employed women” 或 “women employees”,總從業(yè)人員譯為 “entire workforce”。
4.“全社會(huì)對(duì)人口問題的認(rèn)識(shí)不斷深化。人們對(duì)人口問題已形成以下共識(shí):”“認(rèn)識(shí)深化”不能按中文的字面意思譯為 “deeper understanding”,要按英文的搭配,譯為“better understanding”。“共識(shí)”可以譯成“common understanding”,但為避免重復(fù),這里可以改變?cè)牡慕Y(jié)構(gòu),將第二句話簡(jiǎn)單地譯為 “It is agreed that ”。
5.“控制人口增長(zhǎng),有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、資源、環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。” “控制人口增長(zhǎng)”不能譯為“control”,這樣太生硬,可以說“slow down the population growth”。本句的主干是“控制人口增長(zhǎng)有利于協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和可持續(xù)發(fā)展”,先將這一部分譯出,再用 of 短語補(bǔ)出“發(fā)展”的定語。該句譯為: “The slow-down of population growth is beneficial to a coordinated and sustained development of population, economy, society, resources and environment.”
6.“解決人口問題不僅應(yīng)關(guān)注數(shù)量,還應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)提高素質(zhì)和生殖健康水平、提高人類生活質(zhì)量和福利,實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展”:翻譯此句時(shí)應(yīng)首先理解各分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系,前兩個(gè)分句是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,而最后一 個(gè)分句是目的。為了使譯文更清晰易懂,應(yīng)補(bǔ)出相應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系,加上“so as to”,使譯文聽起來自然。該句譯為: “while slowing-down the population growth, efforts should be made to improve the population quality, reproductive health, quality of life and well being in general so as to realize an all-round human development.”
adj. 持久的,經(jīng)久不衰的