現代化論壇宣言：首屆世界現代化論壇的綜合公告

Modernization Announcement

—The Concluding Announcement of the First International Modernization Forum

首屆世界現代化論壇：現代化與全球變化，于2013年8月8日至9日在北京舉行。論壇學術委員會成員來自12個國家，包括捷克共和國、芬蘭、德國、意大利、韓國、荷蘭、中國、波蘭、羅馬尼亞、俄羅斯、英國和美國。參加論壇的學者，圍繞會議主題進行了深入討論，形成了若干共識。

The 1st International Modernization Forum: ‘Modernization and Global Change’, was held in Beijing on 8 and 9 August 2013. Members of the scientific advisory committee of the forum come from 12 countries including the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy, Korea Republic, the Netherlands, P. R. China, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States. The participants of the forum have held extensive discussions and reached some consensus.

1、現代化是18世紀以來人類文明的一種深刻變化；它既包括政治、經濟、社會、文化各個領域從傳統向現代的巨大轉變，目前也包括人的全面發展和自然環境的合理保護。現代化是一個世界現象和國際潮流，它發源于先行國家，然后發生在全世界，但在社區層次有一些例外。

1. Modernization has been a profound change of human civilizations since the 18th century. It includes not only the great change and transformation from traditional to modern politics, economy, society and culture, but also all human development and the rational protection of the natural environment at present. Modernization has been a worldwide phenomenon making a global trend, which takes place both in the pioneering-countries and subsequently on a global scale with the exceptions of some communities.

2、在18至21世紀期間，世界現代化進程大致分為兩大階段。其中，第一次現代化包括從農業經濟向工業經濟、農業社會向工業社會的轉變；第二次現代化包括從工業經濟向知識經濟、工業社會向知識社會的轉變等。第一次現代化通常被稱為經典現代化；第二次現代化則是一種新型現代化，有些學者稱其為后現代化、繼續現代化或再現代化等。

2. The process of world modernization in the period from the 18th century to the 21st century can be divided into two stages generally. The first stage of modernization includes the transformation from agricultural to industrial economy and society, and the second stage of modernization includes the transformation from industrial to knowledge-based economy and society etc. So far the first stage has been regarded as the classical modernization usually, and the second stage is the new one with some alternative interpretations such as post, continual or reflexive modernization and so on.

3、在世界現代化過程中，根據《聯合國憲章》序言和第一章所倡導的原則，所有國家，不分大小，不分貧富，一律平等和自治，一律享有追求和平、安全、發展和幸福的權利，享有自主選擇發展道路和發展模式的權利；與此同時，這種權利的實現，不應建立在犧牲他國權利和破壞生態系統的基礎之上。

3. According to the principles advocated by the preamble and Chapter I of the Charter of the United Nations, all nations participated in the process of world modernization, whether large or small, whether rich or poor, are equal and self-governing. And every nation has the right to pursue peace, security, development and happiness, and to make independent decision about the model and route for their development; and at the same time, the realization of this right could not be based on the sacrifice of the right of others and the destruction of ecological systems.

4、在世界現代化過程中，根據國家的人均收入、人文發展和現代化水平，所有國家可以分為兩組：發達國家和發展中國家；與此同時，有些國家在不同方面同時具有一些發達的和欠發達的特征，文化多樣性永久和普遍地存在。在幾十年里，發達國家有可能下降為發展中國家，發展中國家有可能上升為發達國家，這種轉變有一定規律性。

4. Depending on their level of per capita income, human development and national modernization, all countries engaged in the process of world modernization can be generally categorized as either advanced or developing; and in the meantime, some countries have the features of both developed and developing in different aspects, cultural diversity exists across space and time. There are some possibilities for the two kinds of countries to change their status in this regard in some decades.

5、現代化研究是一門交叉科學，可以促進人們對現代化現象的認識，回答人們關心的問題，例如：什么是現代化？什么是現代性？哪些國家是現代化國家？發達國家如何保持發達水平？發展中國家如何成為發達國家？

5. Modernization study is an interdisciplinary science, and seeks to promote people’s understanding of modernization phenomenon, and responds to some common issues: What is modernization? What is modernity? Which is the modernized country? How do developed countries keep their advanced status? And how do developing countries go upward into the club of developed countries?

6、現代化研究已有60多年歷史，產生了許多理論，例如，經典現代化理論、后現代化理論、生態現代化理論、反思性現代化理論、多元現代性理論和第二次現代化理論等。它們從不同角度闡述了世界現代化的特征和原理。

6. There are more than 60 years’ history and many schools of modernization research, such as classical modernization theory, post-modernization theory, ecological modernization theory, reflexive modernization theory, multiple modernities theory, second modernization theory and so on. They explain the characteristics and principles of world modernization from different perspectives.

7、現代化既是一個過程，又是一種狀態。從政策角度看，它既是不同國家現代化的世界先進水平，又是追趕或保持這種先進水平的過程，同時文化具有多元性。目前世界各國都在自覺或不自覺地經歷某種現代化過程，如果愿意都可以把現代化作為一個國家目標。

7. Modernization is not only a process, but also a situation. It includes both the advanced level of modernization of different nations in the world, and the process to catch-up or keep this advanced level with the cultural pluralism from a policy perspective. Almost all nations in the world are undergoing some kind of modernization consciously or unconsciously at the moment, and the modernization drive can also be set as a national goal if they will.

8、當今世界，現代化的驅動力，不再只是物質生產，而且包括人類對美好生活的不懈追求，包括人類的創造性、技術創新和制度創新等。這種創造性和創新，由教育和科學所激發。文化多樣性是創造、創新和發展的源泉之一；公民個人、公民社會、企業組織和政府部門都可以在其中發揮作用。

8. The driving force of modernization in our epoch is no longer merely material production, but the pursuit of the higher quality of life, human creativeness, technological and system innovation inspired by education and science etc. Meanwhile cultural diversity has been considered as one of the wellsprings of creativity, innovation and development; and citizens, civil society, business community and government are the partners in this drive.

9、為促進現代化研究和現代化進程，需要成立世界現代化學會（IMA），定期舉辦世界現代化論壇（IMF），建立開放獲取的現代化科學刊物（JMS）。

9. To promote the study of modernization and the modernization process, the need has arisen for founding the International Modernization Association (IMA), to organise regularly the International Modernization Forum (IMF), and to create the open-access Journal of Modernization Science (JMS).

阿爾伯特?馬蒂內利 何傳啟

Alberto Martinelli Chuanqi He

首屆世界現代化論壇學術委員會聯合主席

Co-Chairmen of Scientific Advisory Committee of the 1st International Modernization Forum

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