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北京外國語大學2012年碩士研究生入學考試試題
招生專業：英語同聲傳譯 科目名稱：英漢互譯
（考試時間3小時，滿分150分，全部寫在答題紙上，答在試題頁上無效）
一.將下列段落譯為漢語（25分）
Fifteen years ago at the Fourth World Conference on Women. Governments pledged to advance equality, development and peace for all women everywhere. The landmark Beijing Declaration has had a deep and wide-ranging impact. It has guided policymaking and inspired new national laws. It has sent a clear message to women and girls around the world that equality and opportunity are their inalienable rights.
There are many examples of progress, thanks in large part to the resolute efforts of civil society organizations. A growing number of countries have legislation that
supports sexual and reproductive health and promotes gender equality.
Nonetheless, much work remains. Maternal mortality remains unacceptably high, too few women have access to family planning, and violence against women remains
a cause for global shame. In particular, sexual violence during conflict is endemic. One key lesson of the past decade and a half is the importance of addressing broader discrimination and injustice. Gender stereotyping and discrimination remain common in all cultures and communities. Early and forced marriage. sexual abuse and trafficking of young women and girls are disturbingly prevalent and, in some areas, on the rise. Whether looking through the lens of poverty. or in times of disaster, we see that women still bear the greatest burden.
15年前，在第四次婦女問題世界會議上，各國政府承諾為造福世界各地所有婦女而推進平等、發展與和平。具有劃時代意義的《北京宣言》影響深遠，成為決策的指南，成為制定國家新法律的靈感所在，同時清楚地告訴世界各地的婦女和女孩：平等和機會是她們不可剝奪的權利。
進步的實例有許許多多，在很大程度上是民間社會組織堅定努力的結果。越來越多的國家已立法支持增進性健康和生育健康，促進男女平等。
盡管如此．需要做的工作還很多。孕婦死亡率仍然高居不下，令人無法接受；能獲得計劃生育服務的婦女為數太少；暴力侵害婦女行為仍遍及全球，令人蒙羞。沖突期間的性暴力行為尤其普遍。過去l5年給我們的一條重要經驗是：處理更廣范圍內的歧視和不公，至關重要。性別陳規觀念和性別歧視在各文化和族群之中仍普遍存在。早婚和逼婚、性暴力及販運年輕婦女和女孩的行為盛行不止，在某些地區甚至有增無減，令人不安。不論在貧困之中，還是在災難之時，婦女都仍然承受最沉重的負擔。
二.將下列短文譯為漢語（50分）
Central Bankers: Stop Dithering. Do Something.
Both the American economy and the global economy are facing a familiar foe: policy defeatism. Throughout modern economic history, whether in Western Europe in the 1920s. in the United States in the 1930s, or in Japan in the 1990s, every major financial crisis has been followed by premature abandonment - if not reversal - of the stimulus policies that are necessary for sustained recovery. Sadly: the world appears to be repeating this mistake.
The right thing to do right now is for the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank to engage in further monetary stimulus. Having lowered short-term interest rates, they should buy (or in the case of the Fed, resume buying) significant quantities of government securities to help push down long-term interest rates and encourage investment.As many have observed. we need to rebalance the economy from imports to exports, from private consumption to savings, from tax breaks to infrastructure rebuilding and from the financial sector to everything else. The process of rebalancing will require movement of capital from older industries and activities to newer ones -that is, investment. Moreover, a lot of what was termed "investment" during the boom years was misallocated - wasted - capital. so many productive projects were ignored.
But investment has been held back because of uncertainty over the economy's future prospects. And the ability to attract investors is being limited by the giant burden of private-sector debt, In other words, a financing problem is inhibiting the restructuring of our economy. Alleviating generalized financing problems and low
investor confidence is precisely what monetary stimulus does. Some claim that monetary easing will impede restructuring. But this makes no sense. For all the talk that monetary austerity promotes the "creative destruction" necessary for the economy to recover. it does not work that way.
