評論
打印
第40篇 數字中的中國國民經濟
中國經濟發展出現了高增長、低通脹的新局面。國民經濟繼續快速增長，市場物價基本穩定。據統計，去年我國國內生產總值完成74，772億元（9008.7億美元），比去年增長8.8%，其中，第一產業增長3.5%，第二產業增長10.8%，第三產業增長 8.2%。物價漲幅持續走低，全年商品零售價格總水平比去年上漲0.8%，居民銷售價格上漲2.8%，漲幅分別比上年回落5.3和5.5個百分點。經濟增長方式轉變取得了進展，經濟效益有所提高，每萬元國內生產總值能源消耗比上年降低了5.2%。
China’s economic development has entered a new stage which is characteristically one of high growth and low inflation. The national economy continues to grow rapidly and market prices remain basically stable. Statistics for the last year show that China’s gross domestic product (GDP) reached 7,477.2 billion yuan (US$900.87 billion), an increase of 8.8 percent over the previous year, among which primary industry grew by 3.5%, secondary industry 10.8%, and tertiary industry 8.2%. The margin of price rise continued to fall. Retail prices rose by 0.8 percent, representing a drop of 5.3 percentage points compared to the year before, and consumer prices rose by 2.8 percent, 5.5 percentage points less than that of the previous year. Progress has been made in shifting the mode of economic growth. Economic efficiency improved, with the energy consumed for each 10,000 yuan of GDP decreasing by 5.2 percent compared to the level of the year before.
農業繼續增長。在北方大面積干旱的情況下，全國糧食產量仍達到49，250萬噸。國家糧食庫存達到歷史最高水平。棉花產量430萬噸。肉類和水產品總產量分別為5，354萬噸和3，561萬噸。畜牧和水產養殖業已成為農村經濟的增長點和農民增加收入的重要來源。鄉鎮企業增加值達到18，000億元（2，168.7億美元）。
Agriculture was further strengthened. Despite droughts in a large part of north China, grain output reached 492.5 million tons. The stage grain reserves hit a record high. Cotton output was 4.3 million tons. The total output of meat came to 53.54 million tons and aquatic products to 35.61 million tons. Animal husbandry and aquaculture have become significant points for rural economic growth and a major source of the increase in farmers’ income. The added value of township enterprises reached 1,800 billion yuan (US$216.87 billion).
基礎工業和基礎設施繼續發展。一級能源生產達到13.4億噸標準煤。新增發電機容量1，376萬千瓦，電力供應基本滿足生產和生活的需要。新建鐵路交付營運里程896公里，電氣化鐵路1，916公里，復線551公里。新增公路里程35，000公里，其中高速公路1，313公里；公路旅客周轉量達到5，118億人公里，大幅度超過了鐵路的周轉量。郵電通信是基礎設施中增長最快、變化最大的領域：新增長途光纜27，000皮長公里，數字微波干線14，400公里，電話交換機容量1，961萬門；移動通訊已成為世界上覆蓋范圍最廣的移動電話網之一，用戶達到1，323萬。
Basic industries and infrastructure continued to develop. National primary energy production reached 1.34 billion tons of standard coal. Power-generating capacity increased by 13.78 million kw, and the power supply basically met production needs and household use. Newly built railways open to traffic totaled 896km, electrified railways, 1,916 km, and double-track railways, 551km. A total of 35,000 km of new roads were added, including 1,313 km of expressways. The passenger transport of highways was 511.8 billion passenger-km. The post and telecommunications sector registered the most rapid development. The total length of long-distance optical cable installed increased by 27,000 sheath km, that of digital micro-wave links by 14,400 km, and the number of telephone lines by 19.61 million. The mobile telephone network in China, having 13,23 million subscribers, has become one of the largest in the world in terms of its coverage.
