評論
打印
解析：
46、It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
結構分析：
并列分句及形式主語結構//It may be said主語從句//that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect 介詞短語作后置定語/in enlarging and improving experience; 并列分句//but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
詞義推敲：
the measure of 對……的衡量
social institution社會制度
effect效果，效應，影響
enlarging and improving experience擴展（或擴大）和改進（或提升）經驗
original原始的，最初的
motive動機，目的
參考譯文：
可以說，對任何社會制度的價值的衡量在于它在擴展和改進經驗方面的效應，但是這種效應并不是它原始動機的一部分。
得分重點：
主語從句，后置定語，后一個分句的賓語
47、Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
結構分析：
并列句及倒裝結構//Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, 并列句及倒裝結構//and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
詞義推敲：
gradually逐漸地，漸漸地
by-product副產品，意外結果、副作用
directive指導性的
the conduct of the institution制度的運轉（或實施）
參考譯文：
社會制度的這種副效應是逐漸地被意識到的，而認識到這種效應是制度運轉的指導性因素則更加緩慢。
得分重點：
兩個倒裝結構，呈遞進關系的兩個被強調部分
48、While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.
結構分析：
讓步狀語從句//While 形式主語/it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, 主句及形式主語//it is比較結構/ not so easy 比較結構/as in dealing with adults.
詞義推敲：
Ignore忽視，忽略
contact with與……接觸、聯系
the effect of our acts我們的行為產生的影響
disposition氣質，性格
deal with adults與成年人打交道、接觸
參考譯文：
雖然在我們與年輕人接觸時，很容易忽略我們的行為對他們的性格產生的影響，但這并不像與成年人打交道那么簡單。
得分重點：
讓步狀語從句，形式主語
49、Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
結構分析：
原因狀語從句//Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life 主句//we cannot help considering 賓語從句//whether or not we are forming the powers 定語從句which will secure this ability.
詞義推敲：
chief business主要任務，主要職責，主要事務
enable使…能夠…
share in a common life參與共同的生活
cannot help considering情不自禁地考慮，禁不住考慮，不得不考慮
whether or not是否
secure this ability確保這個能力
參考譯文：
既然我們的主要任務在于使年輕人參與共同生活，那么我們不得不考慮我們是否在構建能夠確保我們獲得這種能力的力量。
得分重點：
原因狀語從句，whether引導的賓語從句，定語從句
50、We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education — that of direct tuition or schooling.
結構分析：
主句//We are thus led to distinguish, 插入語//within the broad educational process定語從句// which we have been so far considering, 主句的賓語/a more formal kind of education – 定語從句的賓語/that of direct tuition or schooling.
詞義推敲：
distinguish區分，區別
the broad educational process寬泛的教育進程
so far到目前（現在）為止，直至目前（現在）
that 在此處代指“教育”
direct tuition直接教導
schooling學校教育
參考譯文：
因此，我們可以在上文所述及（目前為止已經考慮到地）的寬泛的教育進程中，區分出一種更加正規的教育，即直接教導或學校教育。
得分重點：
插入語，定語從句，后置插入語
