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Well now,news of the new system in America travelled fast and a number of rival European systems started to appear once people had heard about it.
新系統的消息在美國傳播的很快。一旦人們有所耳聞，許多歐洲系統的競爭者爭相出現。
The single problem with all the systems was they couldn't really project the film onto a screen - you know,so more than one person could see it.
所有系統的通病是電影不能在屏幕上播放，不能讓所有人看到。
Then in 1895,three systems were all developed,more or less at the same time and independently of each other,
然后在1895年，三個相似又相互獨立的系統出現了。
I guess the most famous of these was by the Lumiere Brothers from France,
我想其中最著名的當屬法國的盧米埃兄弟，
and they called their system the cinematographe which of course is where the word cinema comes from.
他們稱自己的系統為“電影放映機”，這當然是“電影”一詞的由來。
There were also two brothers in Germany who developed a successful system and they called it a bioskop.
還有兩個來自德國的兄弟發展了一套成功的系統并稱之為“Bioskop”。
Well now,once the problem of projection had been solved,the next challenge for the inventors was to make the films longer and more interesting.
現在，當放映問題解決后，下一個帶給發明者的挑戰就是如何將電影變得更長、更有趣。
A continuing problem at the time was that the films had a tendency to break when they were being played -
那時一個始終未能解決的問題是在放映的過程中，膠片非常容易斷裂。
a problem which was caused by the tension between the two wheels,or 'reels' as they are called,which hold the film.
原因是來自支撐膠片的兩個卷軸的張力。
Now this problem was solved by two American brothers.
現在兩個美國兄弟解決了這個問題。
They developed the 'Lantham Loop', which was the simple addition of a third reel between the two main reels,
他們發明了“Lantham Loop”，這是在兩個主卷軸之間加上一個簡易的第三個卷軸，
and this took all the tension away with the result that the film stopped snapping.
它把張力帶走后膠片就不會斷裂了。
