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All federal judges are appointed by the President and approved by the Senate.
所有聯(lián)邦法官都是由總統(tǒng)任命并經由參議院批準通過。
Federal judges hold their office for life, subject to impeachment by Congress.
聯(lián)邦法官為終身制，但國會可以對其彈劾。
They have authority to interpret the Constitution, all federal statutes, treaties, and federal administrative rules,
他們有權解釋憲法、所有聯(lián)邦法規(guī)、條約和聯(lián)邦行政規(guī)則，
but their authority is limited to actual cases and controversies. U.S. Const. art. Ⅲ, sec. 2, cl. 1.
但是根據憲法第三章第二節(jié)第一款，他們的權力局限在實際案例和爭議中。
The federal courts do not provide advisory opinions.
聯(lián)邦法庭不提供咨詢性的意見.
The federal courts also have authority to naturalize persons as U.S. citizens and to settle certain legal disputes,
他們也有權力準許個人入美國國籍和解決某些法律糾紛。
such as: between citizens of different states; between two or more states;
比如：州居民之間的；兩個或更多個州之間的；
between individual and the federal government; between states and the federal government; and, between states and foreign governments.
個人和聯(lián)邦政府之間的；各州和聯(lián)邦政府之間的；還有，各州和外國政府之間的。
