評論
打印
Engaging in brief small talk regarding some aspect of a patient's life other than the medical matter at hand can help put the person at ease.
避開疾病，談一談病人的生活片段有助于病人的放松。
It must be interesting to be a dog trainer. What is your favorite breed?
當馴狗師一定非常有趣。你最喜歡什么品種的狗？
These efforts will be rewarded by a more trusting patient, a more efficient interview, and a better therapeutic relationship over the long term.
這些工作會讓你的病患對你更加信任，交談更加充實，長期的醫患關系將會得到改善。
LISTENING
傾聽
Listening to the patient is critical to establishing a correct diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic plan for the individual.
為了制定正確的診療方案，傾聽患者的心聲至關重要。
All patients have a story to tell, and it is important to let them do so.
所有病患都有故事要說，讓他們講出故事非常重要。
They are likely to reveal critical issues regarding the clinical matter as they tell their story.
在這期間，病患或許會說出一些與臨床有關的重要問題。
Patients often need to tell their story in their own words, without interruption, so they feel confident they have provided details that might be missed if the interview is limited to simply answering the clinician's questions.
患者經常需要不間斷地用他們自己的語言講述病情，以確保信息的完整性，如果對話僅為簡單的問答形式，信息就很有可能被漏掉。
Encouraging them to do so at the beginning of the interview relieves them of this burden of information and allows the clinician to move on to interpretation.
在對話一開始，我們就應該鼓勵病人用這種方式講述病情，這樣會減少他們的信息量，從而讓醫生進行進一步的說明。
Listening should be an active, engaged activity.
傾聽應該是活躍的。
The clinician should appear comfortable, settled, and as close as possible to eye level with the patient.
醫生要不慌不亂，輕松自在，并盡可能與病患平視。
It is important not to appear rushed, inattentive, or bored by the patient's account.
重要的是，醫生不能顯得手忙腳亂，注意力不集中，或是厭倦病人的講話內容。
Inteijecting questions for clarity or intermittent, brief verbal encouragements reassures the patient that the clinician is engaged with the problem.
對模糊信息進行提問，或是不時進行口頭鼓勵都會打消病患的憂慮，因為醫生正在解決這一問題。
It may be helpful at the outset of the listening phase to let the patient know what materials have been reviewed.
在傾聽開始時，醫生需要讓病患知道他對病人的了解程度。
For example, telling the patient that the clinician has reviewed the referral letter from the primary physician, the results of the last two operations, and his her recent laboratory work may help the patient to be more concise in the discussion.
例如，告訴病人醫生已經看過了轉診信，上兩次手術的結果，醫生近期的實驗工作會讓病人的談話變得更加言簡意賅。
EMPATHY
同情
Once the patient has recounted his or her history, and the other aspects of examination and data review have been completed it is important to review this material with the patient in a way that demonstrates empathy with his or her situation.
當病人敘述完病史，并且各項檢查都結束之后，醫生應該和病人一起回顧檢查結果，并對病情表現出適當的同情。
A surgeon's understanding of the problem is important for the patient, but the problem is not confined to the medical issue.
外科醫生對問題的了解程度至關重要，但問題不僅僅限于醫學問題。
It must be understood in the context of the patient.
醫生需要在病人的條件下了解問題。
Therefore, demonstration of empathy is important to the patient's trust of the physician.
所以，醫生的同情心會增加病人對醫生的信任，這一點非常重要。
Establishing this connection is crucial to engaging the patient in the process of care.
在診療過程中，建立互信關系至關重要。
譯文屬可可英語原創，未經允許，不得轉載。
