Before I climb out any farther onto this limb, let me give biology its due. It may be that in pursuing beauty we're merely obeying our genes. It may be that the features we find beautiful in men or women, in art or landscape or weather, are ones that improved the chances of survival for our ancestors. Put the other way around, it's entirely plausible that the early humans who did not tingle at the sight of deer, the smell of a thunderstorm, the sound of running water, or the stroke of a hand on a shapely haunch, all died out, carrying with them their oblivious genes.
在我還未推論得太遠之前,讓我將生物學提到討論中來。很可能基因在我們追求美的過程中起到了重要作用。或許我們在男人、女人身上或在藝術風景、天氣中發現的某些美的特征正是那些使得我們的祖先得以生存下來的事物。換言之,如果早期人類中某些人在看到馴鹿、聞到暴風雨的氣息、聽到潺潺流水或觸摸到優美的腰身時都不會激動興奮,那么,他們帶著毫無感知的基因消亡似乎公平合理。
Who can doubt that biology, along with culture, plays a crucial role in tuning our senses? The gravity that draws a man and woman together, leading each to find the other ravishing, carries with it a long history of sexual selection, one informed by a shrewd calculation of fertility and strength. I remember how astonished I was to realize, one rainy spring day in seventh grade, that the girl sitting in the desk beside me was suddenly, enormously interesting. My attention was riveted on Mary Kay's long blond hair, which fell in luxuriant waves over the back of her chair, until it brushed against a rump that swelled, in a way I had never noticed before, her green plaid skirt. As a twelve-year-old, I would not have called Mary Kay beautiful, although I realize now that that is what she was. And I would have balked at the suggestion that my caveman ancestors had any say in my dawning desire, although now I can hear their voices grunting. Go for the lush hair, the swelling rump.
有誰能懷疑生物學以及文化在培養我們的感知力方面所起到的重要作用呢?令男人女人發現對方迷人從而走到一起的吸引力,是在漫長的進化程中精明估算生育能力和體魄是否強壯而形成的一種性感選擇。記得在讀初一時的一個春雨天,我很詫異地意識到我鄰座的女孩突然很強烈地吸引了我。我的注意力牢牢地固定在了瑪麗·凱的金色長發上。卷曲的波浪披在椅背上,發梢掃過她綠色格子裙下鼓起的臀部,這是我從未注意到的。雖然現在我意識到那時她的確很美,但在12歲的年紀,我不會認為瑪麗·凱很美。那時我也不會承認我的遙遠祖先在我的初始欲望中扮演了一定的角色,雖然現在我能夠聽到他們的低語:選擇濃密的頭發,選擇豐滿的臀部。
If we take a ride through the suburbs and study the rolling acres of lawn dotted with clumps of trees and occasional ponds, what do we see but a faithful simulation of the African savanna where humans first lived? Where zoning laws permit, the expanse of green will often be decorated by grazing animals, docile and fat, future suppers on the hoof. The same combination of watering holes, sheltering trees, and grassland shows up in paintings and parks the world over, from New Delhi to New York. It is as though we shape our surroundings to match an image, coiled in our DNA, of the bountiful land.
如果我們坐車穿越郊區,觀察那遍布樹木以及偶爾出現的池塘的成英畝的連綿起伏的草坪,我們所看到的不就是人類最早居住的非洲熱帶大草原的忠實翻版嗎?在區域法許可的地方,展開的綠色中還會經常點綴著牧養動物,溫順肥壯,它們是還在奔跑的未來晚餐。在世界各地,從新德里到紐約,不論在繪畫中或公園里,這種水塘、遮陽樹和草地的組合隨處可見。這一切看起來都好像我們是在依照深存于我們基因中的一幅豐饒大地的圖畫來塑造我們周圍的環境。