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Passage Two
文章二
In recent years, the death rate among American centenarians— people who have lived to age 100 or older— has decreased, dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from 2008 to 2014.
近年來，美國百歲老人（百歲及以上的人）的死亡率下降了，從2008年到2014年，女性下降了14％，男性下降了20％。
The leading causes of death in this age group are also changing.
這個年齡段的主要死亡原因也在變化。
In 2000, the top five causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
2000年，百歲老人的五大死因是心臟病，中風，流感，癌癥和阿爾茨海默癥。
But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimer's disease for this age group had more than doubled— increasing from 3.8 percent to 8.5 percent— making the progressive brain disease the second leading cause of death for centenarians.
但到2014年，這一年齡段的阿爾茨海默癥死亡率已經從3.8％增加到了8.5％，使得漸近腦疾病成為百歲老人死亡的第二大原因。
One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimer's disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer.
在這個組中阿爾茨海默癥死亡人數上升的一個原因可能是即使在人們罹患其他疾病如癌癥的可能性之后，發展到這種病癥也是可能的。
People physically fit enough to survive over 100 years ultimately give in to diseases such as Alzheimer's which affects the mind and cognitive function.
活過100歲的身體足夠健康的人，最終會因阿爾茨海默病等疾病導致影響心理和認知功能。
In other words, it appears that their minds give out before their bodies do.
換句話說，似乎他們的心智比身體先失靈。
On the other hand, the death rate from flu dropped from 7.4 percent in 2000 to 4.1 percent in 2014.
另一方面，流感的死亡率則從2000年的7.4％下降到2014年的4.1％。
That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to the fifth.
這將流感從第三大死因推向了第五大。
Overall, the total number of centenarians is going up.
總的來說，百歲老人的總數正在上升。
In 2014, there were 72,197 centenarians, compared to 50,281 in 2000.
2014年，有72197名百歲老人，而2000年有50281人。
But because this population is getting larger, the number of deaths in this group is also increasing— 18,434 centenarians died in 2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.
但由于這個群體越來越大，本組死亡的人數也在增長- 18，434名百歲老人在2000年去世，而在2014年去世的25914人。
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
問題13到15基于你剛剛聽到的段落。
Question 13. What does the speaker say about the risk of dying for American centenarians in recent years?
問題13.演講者對近年來美國百歲老人死亡的風險有甚么看法？
Question 14. What does the speaker say about Alzheimer's disease?
問題14.演講者對阿爾茨海默氏癥有什么看法？
Question 15. What is characteristic of people who live up to 100 years and beyond?
問題15.百歲及以上老人的特征是什么？
