評論
打印
Passage Three
【32】A person’s social prestige seems to be determined mainly by his or her job. Occupations are valued in terms of the incomes associated with them, although other factors can also be relevant—particular the amount of education a given occupation requires and the degree of control over others it provides. The holders of political power also tend to have high prestige.
Unlike power and wealth, which do not seem to be becoming more equally shared, 【34】the symbols of prestige have become available to an increasing number of Americans. 【33】The main reason is the radical change in the nature of jobs over the course of this century. 【35】In 1900, nearly 40 percent of the labor force were farm workers and less than 20 percent held white-collar jobs. At the beginning of the 1980s, however, less than 5 percent of the labor force worked on farms and white-collar workers were the largest single occupational category. Blue-collar workers, the largest category in the mid-fifties, now constitute less than a-third of all workers. 【34】The increase in the proportion of high prestige jobs has allowed a much greater number of Americans to enjoy these statuses and the lifestyles that go with them.
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. Which is the least important factor relevant to a person’s social status?
33. Which is the main factor for the rise in the proportion of prestige jobs?
34. What are a growing number of Americana becoming?
35. Who made up the largest occupational category in 1900?
32. 答案C
解析：選項是四個名詞的并列。聽力篇章開始講到決定一個人社會名譽的因素，其中有工作、收入、教育、對他人的控制權限以及政治地位，唯一沒有提及的是選項C中的努力。
33. 答案A
解析：四個選項表示變化。聽力中間講更多的美國人都有機會得到這些名譽，其主要原因是本世紀工作性質的巨大變化。選項A中的occupation和原文中的job同義。
34. 答案D
解析：選項是四種職業，考生要特別注意，選項A和C都屬于藍領職業。聽力中間講到藍領工人，在農場上工作的人們越來越少，人們在選擇更有地位的職業。選項B是干擾項，大部分美國人不可能都成為政治家。
35. 答案B
解析：選項是關于某一類職業。聽力后半部分講，1900年，40%的人在農場工作，所以選項B為正確答案。選項C是個干擾項，50年代中期藍領工人占得比重最大。
Section C
36. 答案 personalities
解析：personality是個比較常見的名詞，“個性，特色，名人”，本句話中意為“名人”。考生要特別注意名詞復數形式。
37. 答案presented
解析：present作為動詞，意為“呈現，展示，提出”。此句使用了被動語態，考生要注意動詞的過去分詞。
38. 答案uphold
解析：此處是個動詞作謂語。uphold意為“支持，贊成，鼓勵”。
39. 答案distinguishes
解析：distinguish表示“區別”，常用的結構為distinguish between A and B，distinguish A from B。此處which指代前面的a code，所以distinguish使用了第三人稱單數形式。
40. 答案column
解析：這個名詞相對來說比較常見，報紙上的column指的是“專欄，欄目”。
41. 答案advocate
解析：advocate意為“主張，提倡”。這個動詞比較常見，考生要特別注意拼寫形式。
42. 答案desires
解析：desire是個常見動詞。主語是第三人稱，考生要注意動詞的第三人稱單數形式。
43. 答案costly
解析：costly和前面的expensively同義，表示“昂貴地”。
44. 答案 these large newspapers tend to reflect the views of their owners in their editorials on economic and political matters
解析：此句大意為：大型報紙更愿意反映他們自己在經濟、政治事件上的觀點。editorial前文出現過，應該不能成為聽力的難點。此句的重要詞匯為：reflect，economic，political。
45. 答案 the great press associations usually can be relied on to keep their news impartial
解析：前文講到，應該報道完整的、客觀的事實。考生可推測此句大意：大型報紙和大型出版公司，他們報道的公平性是可以信賴的。考生要注意，此句使用了被動句，動詞詞組rely on的被動形式中on不能省略。此句需要注意的詞匯：associations，impartial。
46. 答案 often deliberately "color" the news to favor or oppose certain groups or movements
解析：連詞but說明此句和上一句是對比關系。大型出版社的報道比較客觀公正，而沒有多少道德感的出版社會故意地傾向或反對某些團體、行動。此句需要注意的詞匯：deliberately，favor，oppose。 Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
