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The number of Indian migrants entering the U.S. without legal permission has grown in recent years.
近年來，未經合法許可進入美國的印度移民人數不斷增加。
In the past, Indian migrants interested in the U.S. crossed using the border with Mexico.
過去，想去美國的印度移民通過墨西哥邊境進入美國。
But as the U.S. government has paid more attention to the southern border, migrants are trying to enter from the north.
但隨著美國政府加強關注南部邊境，移民開始嘗試從北部入境。
New information shows more Indians than ever trying to cross using the border with Canada.
新信息顯示，試圖從加拿大邊境進入美國的印度人比以往任何時候都多。
Just five years ago, in 2019, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency (CBP) said it "encountered" 16,000 Indian migrants at all borders.
就在五年前，即2019年，美國海關與邊境保護局（CBP）表示，他們在所有邊境“encountered”1.6萬名印度移民。
An encounter is defined as an apprehension or expulsion.
“encounter”意為逮捕或驅逐。
But in 2023, CBP found 97,000 Indian migrants and 30,000 were at the northern border.
但在2023年，CBP發現了9.7萬名印度移民，其中3萬名是在北部邊境。
The numbers do not include the period between last October and February when 14,000 Indians were encountered along Canada's border with the U.S.
這些數字還不包括去年10月至今年2月期間在加拿大與美國邊境攔截的1.4萬名印度人。
The increase is being described as a "migration rush."
這一增長被形容為“移民潮”。
The CBP said there were 190,000 encounters of all nationalities at the Canadian border last year.
CBP稱，去年在加拿大邊境共攔截19萬名各種國籍的移民。
That number is six times bigger than in 2021.
這一數字是2021年的六倍。
A spokesperson for the Indian Embassy told VOA that Indian officials are working with the U.S. government to "facilitate legal mobility and to (slow down) illegal immigration and human trafficking."
印度大使館發言人告訴“美國之音”，印度官員正在與美國政府合作，以“促進合法流動，減少非法移民和人口販運”。
Chirag Patel is an immigration lawyer in Maryland who deals with Indian asylum cases.
奇拉格·帕特爾（Chirag Patel）是馬里蘭州的一名移民律師，負責處理印度人的庇護案件。
Patel and other experts say the flow of asylum seekers will continue up to the U.S. presidential election in November.
帕特爾和其他專家表示，尋求庇護者的流動將一直持續到11月的美國總統大選。
Patel noted, "People are trying to get a lot of things in before November, but also obviously before January...."
帕特爾指出：“人們正試圖在11月之前完成很多事，但顯然也是在1月之前……”。
The increase in the number of Indian migrants is only one example of how unauthorized migration into the United States is changing.
印度移民人數增加只是反映美國無證移民正在發生變化的一個例子。
"They're coming from all over the globe," said Muzaffar Chisti, a researcher at the Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.
“他們來自全球各地，”華盛頓特區移民政策研究所（Migration Policy Institute）的研究員穆扎法爾·奇斯蒂（Muzaffar Chisti）說。
Pew Research Center estimates from 2021 identify Indians as the third-largest group of undocumented immigrants in the U.S.
2021年，皮尤研究中心估計，印度人是美國第三大無證移民群體。
That is the most of any country outside of the Western Hemisphere.
相比西半球以外的任何一個國家的無證移民，印度無證移民的人數在美國是最高的。
Devesh Kapur is a professor of Asian Studies at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.
德韋什·卡普爾（Devesh Kapur）是馬里蘭州巴爾的摩市約翰霍普金斯大學的亞洲研究教授。
He said most of the migrants come to the U.S. for better jobs.
他說，大多數移民來美國是為了獲得更好的工作。
"Very few of these are professionals," he said, noting that they are mostly uneducated young people.
他說，“這些人中很少有專業人士”，并指出，他們大多是未受過教育的年輕人。
Although they are not well educated, Kapur added, some come from families with money.
卡普爾補充說，雖然他們受教育程度不高，但有些人來自有錢的家庭。
After all, he noted, very poor people cannot pay to get on an airplane headed to Canada.
他表示，畢竟，非常貧窮的人不可能負擔得起飛往加拿大的機票。
But if they want to get into the U.S., they often have no choice but to enter illegally.
但如果他們想進入美國，往往別無選擇，只能非法入境。
Student visas are hard to get, and immigrant visas can often take 20 years to process.
學生簽證很難取得，而移民簽證常常可能需要20年才能辦下來。
Some people attempt to enter the U.S. through Central America, what is called the "donkey route."
有些人試圖通過中美洲進入美國，即所謂的“驢路”。
But others find it safer to try to enter through Canada.
但也有人認為通過加拿大入境更安全。
The Canadian government is aiming to restrict the number of student visas it offers to Indians.
加拿大政府正在限制向印度人發放學生簽證的數量。
But Canada is still seen as an easy place to enter North America.
但加拿大仍被視為進入北美的一個便捷地點。
Shinder Purewal teaches at the Kwantlen Polytechnic University in British Columbia.
辛德·普里沃爾（Shinder Purewal ）在不列顛哥倫比亞省的昆特蘭理工大學任教。
He said: "It's easier to get a visa to Canada than to Pakistan."
他說：“去加拿大比去巴基斯坦更容易獲得簽證。”
Purewal said: "More and more people are entering Canada, so they can just go straight to the U.S."
普里沃爾說：“越來越多的人進入加拿大，這樣他們可以直接去美國。”
Canada's immigration agency said, in a statement, that it is observing the effects of its visa policy on countries that require visas and those that do not.
加拿大移民局在一份聲明中表示，正在觀察其簽證政策對需要簽證和不需要簽證的國家的影響。
The migrants also look to established Indian communities in the U.S. for help.
印度無證移民還向美國已有的印度社區尋求幫助。
U.S. investigators recently uncovered a smuggling network that brought migrants from Gujarat state in India to work for Gujarati businesses in Chicago.
美國調查人員最近破獲了一個走私網絡，該網絡將來自印度古吉拉特邦的移民帶到芝加哥的古吉拉特企業工作。
Pawan Dhingra teaches at Amherst College in Massachusetts.
帕萬·丁格拉（Pawan Dhingra）在馬薩諸塞州阿默斯特學院任教。
Dhingra said, "People who come...have a connection to the country. If it was just escaping India, they could go anywhere in the world."
丁格拉說：“來這里的人......都與美國有關聯。如果只是為了逃離印度，他們可以去世界上任何地方。”
There is still a safety risk for any border crossing, however.
然而，任何過境都存在安全風險。
In January 2022, an Indian family of four froze to death near the border in the Canadian province of Manitoba.
2022年1月，一個印度的四口之家在加拿大馬尼托巴省邊境的附近被凍死。
About one year ago, the bodies of eight migrants, including four Indians, were recovered from the St. Lawrence River.
大約一年前，包括四名印度人在內的八名移民的尸體從圣勞倫斯河中被打撈上來。
Maureen Silcoff is an immigration lawyer who works with refugees in Canada.
莫琳·西爾科夫（Maureen Silcoff）是一名移民律師，在加拿大從事難民工作。
She said the risks migrants take show how difficult their lives are in India.
她說，移民所冒的風險表明他們在印度的生活是多么艱難。
People do not come for "a thrilling adventure," she said, adding:"...They try to alleviate...hardships by relocating to another country."
她說：“人們并不是為了‘驚心動魄的冒險’而來，”。她補充道，“……他們是試圖通過遷移到另一個國家來減輕……苦難。”
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德爾為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
