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A United Nations report finds that Myanmar has overtaken Afghanistan as the world's top opium producer.
聯合國的一份報告發現，緬甸已經取代阿富汗成為世界上最大的鴉片生產國。
The change came after Myanmar expanded its opium production for a third year, the U.N. reported.
聯合國報告稱，這一變化是在緬甸連續第三年擴大鴉片生產之后發生的。
In Afghanistan, production fell sharply in 2023 after the Taliban placed a ban on poppy farming.
在阿富汗，在塔利班禁止種植罌粟后，2023年的鴉片產量急劇下降。
The latest data on worldwide opium production was recently released in the U.N.'s report, the Southeast Asia Opium Survey 2023.
聯合國《2023年東南亞鴉片調查》報告近日公布了有關全球鴉片產量的最新數據。
The report was released by the U.N.'s Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
該報告由聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室（聯合國毒罪辦）發布。
The report estimates opium crops in Afghanistan dropped an estimated 95 percent in 2023 after the Taliban's ban and enforcement efforts.
這份報告估計，在塔利班頒布禁令和嚴格執法之后，阿富汗的鴉片作物在2023年下降了大約95%。
During the same period, an increasing number of farmers in Myanmar turned to opium as a new crop.
在同一時期，緬甸越來越多的農民開始將鴉片作為一種新作物種植。
The increase in production follows a military takeover of the government in 2021 that pushed the country into a civil war.
在產量增加之前，2021年軍方接管了政府，導致該國陷入內戰。
The situation has severely hurt Myanmar's economy.
這種情況嚴重損害了緬甸的經濟。
The U.N. report estimates poppy growth and processing in Myanmar grew 33 percent in 2022 and another 18 percent this year.
聯合國的報告估計，緬甸的罌粟種植和加工在2022年增長了33%，今年又增長了18%。
That amounts to a total of 47,000 hectares.
總計4.7萬公頃。
That is the most land Myanmar has used for opium production since 2013.
這是自2013年以來緬甸生產鴉片使用的最多土地。
Jeremy Douglas is the area representative for the UNODC.
杰里米·道格拉斯是聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室的地區代表。
He told VOA the country's economic and security situation have severely limited business possibilities and led more people to turn to opium farming to make money.
他告訴美國之音，緬甸的經濟和安全形勢嚴重限制了商業機會，導致更多的人轉向種植鴉片來賺錢。
Most families in Myanmar make their living off the land.
緬甸的大多數家庭都靠土地為生。
But a World Bank report released in May found that nearly half of farming families said they worry about having enough food.
但世界銀行5月份發布的一份報告發現，近一半的農業家庭表示，他們擔心沒有足夠的食物。
That number was up from 26 percent from a year earlier.
這一數字比去年同期的26%有所上升。
The UNODC estimates Myanmar's farmers grew enough poppy this year to produce up to 1,080 metric tons of dry opium.
聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室估計，緬甸農民今年種植的罌粟足以生產多達1080公噸干鴉片。
This amounted to total earnings of up to $2.5 billion.
總收入高達25億美元。
Most of this money is believed to have gone to traffickers shipping the product across Asia and as far as Australia, often as heroin.
據信，這些錢大部分都流入了販運者手中，他們將產品（通常是海洛因）運往亞洲各地甚至遠至澳大利亞。
Most of that heroin flows through neighboring Thailand on its way to other places.
大多數海洛因都是通過鄰國泰國運往其他地方的。
In September, Thai police seized over 440 packs of heroin, along with some 15 million methamphetamine pills.
今年9月，泰國警方繳獲了440多包海洛因，以及約1500萬粒甲基苯丙胺丸。
A top Thai law enforcement official told VOA the $8.2 million drug seizure was the largest in the country's history.
泰國一名高級執法官員告訴美國之音，那次查獲價值820萬美元毒品的行動是泰國歷史上最大的一次緝毒行動。
The UNODC report notes Afghanistan's reduced opium production is expected to create a worldwide heroin shortage and drive prices higher.
聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室的報告指出，阿富汗鴉片產量的減少預計將會導致全球海洛因短缺，并推高毒品價格。
This is likely to lead even more farmers in Myanmar to start growing poppies.
這可能會導致緬甸更多的農民開始種植罌粟。
Douglas said such a shortage could also result in more heroin processed in the Golden Triangle area making its way beyond the Asia-Pacific to Europe and North America.
道格拉斯說，短缺還可能會導致更多的海洛因在金三角地區加工，然后從亞太地區運往歐洲和北美。
The Golden Triangle is a heavily criminalized area near the borders of Myanmar, Laos and Thailand.
金三角地區是緬甸、老撾和泰國邊境附近的一個犯罪率很高的地區。
It is known for growing and producing large amounts of drugs.
它以種植和生產大量毒品而聞名。
Afghan heroin started taking over the European and North American markets from the Golden Triangle more than 10 years ago.
在10多年前，阿富汗海洛因超越金三角海洛因開始占領歐洲和北美市場。
That change came as drug controllers in Southeast Asia started dealing mostly in methamphetamine.
這一變化發生之際，東南亞的毒品管制人員開始主要處理冰毒。
Douglas told VOA that even as Afghan production falls sharply, there is still large demand for opium on the world market.
道格拉斯告訴美國之音，盡管阿富汗的鴉片產量大幅下降，但世界市場對鴉片的需求仍然很大。
He said, "It's highly likely that we're going to start seeing Golden Triangle heroin returning to markets that it hasn't been in for quite some years."
他說：“我們很有可能會開始看到金三角海洛因重返多年未涉足的市場。”
I'm Bryan Lynn.
布萊恩·林恩為您播報。
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