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Over the weekend, fighting broke out between the armies of Sudan's two most powerful generals.
上周末，蘇丹兩位最有權勢的將軍所領導的軍隊之間爆發了戰斗。
Tensions had been rising for weeks between the armed forces chief, General Abdel-Fattah Burhan, and the head of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) paramilitary group, General Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo.
幾周來，武裝部隊總司令阿卜杜勒-法塔赫·布爾漢將軍與準軍事組織快速支援部隊領導人穆罕默德·哈姆丹·達加洛將軍之間的緊張關系一直在加劇。
Just 18 months earlier they worked together to overthrow the government as Sudan moved toward democracy.
就在18個月前，他們共同推翻了蘇丹政府，使蘇丹走向民主。
Both men each have tens of thousands of troops just in the capital of Khartoum.
雙方在首都喀土穆各有數萬軍隊。
They have repeatedly said they will not negotiate nor stop fighting, even with rising international pressure.
他們一再表示，即使面臨越來越大的國際壓力，他們也不會談判，也不會停止戰斗。
Here is a look at how Sudan, a country with 46 million people and a long history of military overthrows, reached this point.
我們來看看蘇丹，這個擁有4600萬人口和長期軍事政變歷史的國家，是如何走到這一步的。
In recent months, negotiations had been under way to restart the change to a democratic political system.
近幾個月來，為重啟向民主政治制度轉變的談判一直在進行。
The process had been suspended since October 2021, when the government was overthrown.
自2021年10月蘇丹政府被推翻以來，這一進程一直處于暫停狀態。
Under rising international pressure, the armed forces and the RSF signed a deal in December with pro-democracy and civilian groups.
在越來越大的國際壓力下，武裝部隊和快速支援部隊在去年12月與親民主和平民組織簽署了一項協議。
But the agreement left many important political issues unsettled.
但該協議留下了許多重要的政治問題懸而未決。
Tensions between Burhan and Dagalo worsened during long negotiations to reach a final agreement.
在為達成最終協議而進行的漫長談判中，布爾漢和達加洛之間的緊張關系進一步惡化。
A main dispute is over how the RSF would be mixed into the military and who would have control over fighters and weapons.
一個主要的爭議是快速支援部隊將如何融入武裝部隊，以及誰將控制戰士和武器。
Dagalo's RSF took strong action against tribal unrest and pro-democracy activists.
達加洛的快速支援部隊為打擊部落動亂和親民主活動人士采取了強硬行動。
But he claimed he was a supporter of the democratic transition.
但他聲稱自己是民主過渡的支持者。
In March, he criticized Burhan, saying military leaders were unwilling to hand over power.
今年3月，他批評了布爾漢，稱武裝部隊領導人不愿移交權力。
Experts argued that Dagalo is trying to cover up the reputation of his paramilitary force.
專家認為，達加洛試圖掩蓋他的準軍事部隊的名聲。
It had been accused of war crimes during the Darfur conflict.
準軍事部隊曾被指控在達爾富爾沖突期間犯有戰爭罪。
On Wednesday, the RSF began sending forces around the small town of Merowe, north of the capital.
周三，快速支援部隊開始向首都北部的小鎮麥羅維附近派遣部隊。
The town is important, with its large airport, central position and dam on the Nile River.
這個小鎮很重要，因為它擁有大型機場、中心位置和尼羅河上的大壩。
The next day, the RSF also sent more forces into the capital and other areas of the country.
第二天，快速支援部隊還向首都和該國其他地區派遣了更多部隊。
On Saturday morning, fighting began at a military base south of Khartoum.
周六上午，喀土穆南部的一個軍事基地爆發了戰爭。
Each side blamed the other for having started the violence.
雙方都指責對方挑起了暴力沖突。
Since then, the military and the RSF have battled each other with heavy weapons in highly populated areas of the capital and the nearby city of Omdurman.
從那時起，武裝部隊和快速支援部隊一直在首都和附近城市恩圖曼的人口密集地區用重型武器交戰。
By Monday, people have been killed and hundreds wounded in the fighting.
截至周一，已有多人在戰斗中喪生，數百人受傷。
An immediate ceasefire appears unlikely.
立即?；鹚坪醪惶赡?。
Burhan and Dagalo have demanded that the other surrender.
布爾漢和達加洛要求對方投降。
The fierce fighting also might make it harder for the two generals to return to negotiations.
激烈的戰斗也可能使兩位將軍更難重返談判。
However, the military and the RSF both have foreign supporters, who all called for an immediate end to the fighting.
然而，武裝部隊和快速支援部隊都有外國支持者，他們都呼吁立即停止戰斗。
The U.N. Security Council is scheduled to discuss Sudan on Monday.
聯合國安理會定于星期一討論蘇丹問題。
During the decades-long rule of dictator Omar al-Bashir, who was removed in 2019, Russia was a strong influence.
在獨裁者奧馬爾·巴希爾長達數十年的統治期間，俄羅斯有著強大的影響力。巴希爾于2019年被趕下臺。
At one point, Moscow reached an initial deal to build a naval base on Sudan's Red Sea cost.
莫斯科曾一度達成初步協議，在蘇丹的紅海沿岸建立一個海軍基地。
After al-Bashir's removal, the United States and European nations began competing with Russia for influence in Sudan.
巴希爾下臺后，美國和歐洲國家開始與俄羅斯爭奪在蘇丹的影響力。
The country is rich in natural resources, including gold.
這個國家擁有豐富的自然資源，包括黃金。
Burhan and Dagalo have also made close ties with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
布爾漢和達加洛還與沙特阿拉伯和阿聯酋建立了密切關系。
Sudanese troops from the military and the RSF have fought alongside the Saudi-led alliance in Yemen's civil war.
來自武裝部隊和快速支援部隊的蘇丹軍隊在也門內戰中曾與沙特領導的聯盟并肩作戰。
Egypt also has deep ties with the Sudanese military.
埃及也與蘇丹軍方有著深厚的聯系。
The two armies conduct regular war exercises, most recently this month.
兩國軍隊定期舉行軍事演習，最近一次是在本月。
The military controls most of the country's economy.
武裝部隊控制著該國的大部分經濟。
But the RSF runs major gold mining areas, an important source of money for the group.
但快速支援部隊管理著主要的金礦區，這是該組織的一個重要資金來源。
I'm Faith Pirlo.
費思·皮爾洛為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
