France Wants Happiness Included in Progress Measures
法國(guó)提議把幸福指數(shù)納入經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)
As countries begin emerging from the global financial crisis, France is proposing to measure progress in a new way - one that includes happiness and well being, as well as traditional economic benchmarks.
隨著各國(guó)逐步走出全球金融危機(jī)，法國(guó)提出了一個(gè)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步狀況的新方式--除了傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之外，也把人們的幸福和福祉納入經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。
By standard measures, the world has certainly been going through some tough times. But do these indicators capture all facets of progress? According to French President Nicolas Sarkozy, the answer is 'no.'
按照傳統(tǒng)的衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的方式，世界確實(shí)渡過(guò)了一些艱難的時(shí)日。可是這些經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)是否反映了經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的所有層面呢？根據(jù)法國(guó)總統(tǒng)薩科齊，答案是否定的。
Mr. Sarkozy announced France will begin including less tangible indicators, like happiness and well being, into its measurements of economic progress.
薩科齊總統(tǒng)宣布，在衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步時(shí)，法國(guó)將開(kāi)始使用一些不太具體的指標(biāo)，比如幸福和福祉。
The French President said the current crisis does not just give the international community the freedom to imagine another economic model, it obliges the world to do so. We do not have the choice, he said.
這位法國(guó)總統(tǒng)說(shuō)：“目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)不僅給了國(guó)際社會(huì)設(shè)想另一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式的自由，而且也給了世界這樣做的責(zé)任。我們沒(méi)有選擇。”
Mr. Sarkozy's remarks coincided with the publication of a new report by two Nobel economists, Joseph Stiglitz and Armatya Sen, that looks at non-traditional ways at measuring social progress. The report was commissioned by the French government.
就在薩科齊總統(tǒng)說(shuō)這番話(huà)的同時(shí)，兩位諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主，約瑟夫.斯蒂格利茨(Joseph Stiglitz)和阿瑪?shù)賮?森(Amartya Sen)發(fā)表了一份新的報(bào)告，對(duì)衡量社會(huì)進(jìn)步的傳統(tǒng)方式進(jìn)行評(píng)估。這份報(bào)告是受法國(guó)政府的委托而編撰的。
The report recommends shifting the ways policymakers look at progress from what economists call gross domestic product, or GDP, which is a general measure of goods and services produced in a country. The new indicators also would include non-material 'wealth', like access to education and health care.
報(bào)告建議，政策制定者根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值來(lái)衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的方式需要改變，因?yàn)閲?guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP所衡量的只是一個(gè)國(guó)家制造的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。新的指標(biāo)還要包括非物質(zhì)性財(cái)富，比如接受教育和醫(yī)療的程度。
France is not the first country to look at the non-material aspects of progress. The Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan emphasizes a concept it calls 'gross national happiness,' rather than GDP. Bhutan's main research center collects a wide variety of data to measure this, including things like psychological well being, good governance, ecological diversity and living standards.
法國(guó)并不是頭一個(gè)檢測(cè)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步非物質(zhì)層面的國(guó)家。喜馬拉雅山王國(guó)不丹就提出了一個(gè)“國(guó)民幸福總值”的概念，來(lái)取代國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值。不丹主要的研究中心還收集了大量各種各樣的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)衡量國(guó)民幸福總值GNH，其中包括心理上的良好感覺(jué)、良好的管理、生態(tài)多樣性和生活水準(zhǔn)。
In France, Mr. Sarkozy says focusing too much on gross domestic product as the main measure of prosperity contributed to the financial crisis. He wants other countries to follow France's example in looking at less materialistic indicators of progress.
在法國(guó)，薩科齊總統(tǒng)說(shuō)，把注意力過(guò)多地集中在國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值上，并且以GDP作為衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的主要尺度，對(duì)于金融危機(jī)起到了推波助瀾的作用。他希望其他國(guó)家都能像法國(guó)一樣，開(kāi)始關(guān)注那些物質(zhì)性較少的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。
