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Scientists are still unraveling the causes of misophonia, but one theory suggests it evolved from the brain's instinct to detect hidden threats.
科學家們?nèi)栽谔綄た忠舭Y的成因，有一種理論認為，它源于大腦檢測潛在威脅的本能。
For example, in the hunter-gatherer era, your ears pricking up at the slightest hint of harm could have saved your life, says psychologist and researcher Jennifer Brout, who founded the Misophonia Research Network.
例如，創(chuàng)立了恐音癥研究網(wǎng)絡的心理學家兼研究員詹妮弗·布勞特表示，在狩獵采集時代，對哪怕最細微危險跡象豎起耳朵，或許就能挽救性命。
"If you hear chewing that other people don't, that could mean someone has taken your food or there are predators chewing nearby that might be coming to get you next," she says.
“要是你聽到了別人聽不到的咀嚼聲，那就可能意味著有人在偷你的食物，又或者附近有捕食者正在咀嚼，接下來可能就會找上你。”她說。
And "from an evolutionary psychology perspective, coughing, sneezing, sniffling and throat clearing (might indicate the presence of) pathogens," Brouts adds.
布勞特還補充道：“從進化心理學角度來看，咳嗽、打噴嚏、吸鼻子和清嗓子的聲音，可能表明存在病原體。”
But today, that same neurological wiring can make harmless noises feel unbearable.
但在當下，同樣的神經(jīng)線路卻讓無害的噪音變得難以忍受。
"It's as though your brain misinterprets these sounds as toxic or harmful and therefore your attention stays on them. You can't push them to the background like other people would," she explains.
“就好像你的大腦把這些聲音錯誤解讀成了有毒或者有害的，所以你的注意力會一直集中在這些聲音上，沒辦法像其他人那樣對其置之不理。”她解釋道。
Beyond its evolutionary roots, misophonia appears to have a complex relationship with other conditions.
除了進化根源，恐音癥似乎與其他病癥存在復雜關聯(lián)。
A literature review from 2022 found that misophonia co-occurs with a wide range of different conditions, including depression, anxiety, autism, ADHD, and OCD.
2022年的一項文獻綜述發(fā)現(xiàn)，恐音癥與多種病癥同時出現(xiàn)，包括抑郁癥、焦慮癥、自閉癥、注意力缺陷多動障礙和強迫癥。
However, scientists have yet to determine whether misophonia is a symptom, a separate disorder, or something in between.
然而，科學家們尚未確定恐音癥究竟是一種癥狀、一種獨立病癥，還是介于兩者之間的某種狀態(tài)。
Some cases also emerge after a traumatic event, raising questions about whether environmental factors can trigger misophonia.
有些病例在創(chuàng)傷性事件后出現(xiàn)，這就引發(fā)了關于環(huán)境因素是否會誘發(fā)恐音癥的疑問。
Meanwhile, evidence that the condition runs in families suggests a possible genetic component, though no specific genes have been identified.
與此同時，恐音癥會在家族中遺傳的證據(jù)表明，可能存在遺傳因素，盡管目前還未確定具體基因。
