評論
打印
The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
Markets took fright at the British government’s announcement of huge tax cuts.
市場對英國政府宣布的大幅減稅感到恐慌。
The cuts, laid out by Kwasi Kwarteng, the new chancellor of the exchequer, include reductions to payroll taxes, income taxes and stamp duty.
新任財政大臣夸西·克瓦滕提議的削減措施包括削減工資稅、所得稅和印花稅。
Investors were perturbed by the amount of borrowing required to pay for the cuts, the biggest for half a century.
投資者對為減稅所需買單的借款數額感到不安，這是半個世紀以來的最大一次。
Mr Kwarteng had disregarded common practice by not asking the Office for Budget Responsibility, an independent watchdog, for its assessment.
克瓦滕無視慣例，沒有要求預算責任辦公室(一個獨立的監督機構)對其進行評估。
The Treasury tried to reassure markets by announcing that he would unveil a medium-term fiscal plan, but not until November 23rd.
財政部試圖通過宣布他將公布中期財政計劃來安撫市場，但要等到11月23日才會公布。
“The markets will react as they will,” said Mr Kwarteng after producing his tax cuts.
克瓦滕在提出他的減稅方案后表示:“市場的反應將如期而至。”
The pound was hammered, dropping briefly to its lowest level on record against the dollar.
英鎊受到重創，兌美元匯率一度跌至歷史最低水平。
It also fell sharply against other currencies.
英鎊兌其他貨幣的匯率也大幅下跌。
The cost of British government debt soared; the yield on ten-year bonds rose to 4.3%, up by one percentage point over a week.
英國政府債務成本飆升；十年期債券收益率升至4.3%，一周內上升了一個百分點。
Banks withdrew hundreds of mortgage products because of the uncertainty.
由于不確定性，英國各銀行撤回了數百種抵押貸款產品。
Citing a “material risk” to Britain’s financial stability, the Bank of England intervened.
英國央行以英國金融穩定面臨“重大風險”為由進行了干預。
It said it would buy long-term government bonds for 13 days on whatever scale is necessary “to restore orderly market conditions”.
英國央行表示，無論規模有多大，都要購買為期13天的長期政府債券，以“恢復有序的市場狀況”。
The rout in British gilts was the most dramatic element of a wider sell-off in government bonds.
英國金邊債券暴跌是政府債券大范圍拋售最顯著的因素。
Yields have been rising as the Federal Reserve talks tough on inflation.
隨著美聯儲在通脹問題上態度強硬，其收益率一直在上升。
The yield on the US ten-year Treasury bond touched 4% before falling back.
美國十年期國債收益率在回落之前觸及4%。
Stockmarkets also had a rollercoaster week.
股市也經歷了過山車般的一周。
The S&P 500 fell to its lowest level in nearly two years and the Dow Jones Industrial Average entered bear territory when it reached 20% below its peak in January.
標準普爾500指數跌至近兩年來的最低水平，道瓊斯工業股票平均價格指數在1月份比峰值低20%，進入熊市區域。
The IMF urged Britain to re-evaluate the tax cuts.
國際貨幣基金組織敦促英國重新評估減稅措施。
It said it was monitoring the situation and was “engaged with the authorities”, statements it would normally make when a developing economy faces a sudden crisis.
該組織表示正在密切關注形勢，“與當局進行接觸”。這是當發展中經濟體面臨突然危機時，該組織通常會發表的聲明。
The fund said it would not recommend introducing a “large and untargeted” fiscal package, “given elevated inflation pressures”.
該組織表示，“鑒于通脹壓力加大”，不會建議推出“大規模且無針對性的”財政方案。
Sterling is not the only currency to have tumbled against the dollar this year.
英鎊并不是今年兌美元匯率暴跌的唯一貨幣。
The euro and the yen have also fallen.
歐元和日元也出現了下跌。
The Chinese yuan dropped this week to a near 14-year low, threatening to break its trading range around the dollar, despite interventions by China’s central bank.
人民幣匯率本周跌至近14年來的最低點，盡管中國央行進行了干預，但人民幣兌美元匯率仍有可能突破交易區間。
The Indian rupee sank to a new low.
印度盧比跌至新低。
House prices in America rose by 15.8% in July, year on year, according to the S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller Index.
根據S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller指數，美國房價7月份同比上漲15.8%。
In June prices rose by 18.1%.
6月份，價格上漲了18.1%。
The decline of 2.3 percentage points in the growth rate was the largest ever for the index.
增長率下降2.3個百分點，是該指數有史以來最大的降幅。
With interest rates on the rise, mortgage finance has become more expensive, which could see home prices continue to cool.
隨著利率的上升，抵押貸款變得更加昂貴，這可能會導致房價繼續降溫。
America’s Department of Transportation approved plans to develop infrastructure for electric vehicles in all 50 states, and build a network of charging points covering 75,000 miles (120,700km) of highway across the country.
美國交通部批準了在全國50個州發展電動汽車基礎設施的計劃，并在全國修建覆蓋75000英里(120,700公里)高速公路的充電站網絡。
Meanwhile Hertz struck a deal with BP’s EV charging business to build a network of stations for its rental cars.
與此同時，赫茲與英國石油公司達成電動汽車充電協議，為其租賃汽車建立一個充電站網絡。
Hertz is aiming for 25% of its fleet to be electric by the end of 2024.
赫茲的目標是到2024年底，該公司的車隊25%為電動汽車。
