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The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
The Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by another three-quarters of a percentage point, to a range of between 2.25% and 2.5%.
美聯儲又將基準利率上調了0.75個百分點，至2.25%至2.5%的區間。
Central banks around the world are said to have reacted too late to the threat of sharp increases in inflation, forcing them to adopt a more aggressive approach to tightening monetary policy.
據稱，世界各國央行對通脹急劇上升的威脅反應太晚，迫使各國銀行采取更激進的方式收緊貨幣政策。
The European Central Bank recently lifted its deposit rate for the first time in a decade, taking it from a negative rate of -0.5% to zero.
歐洲央行最近十年來首次上調存款利率，將其從負0.5%調至零。
Martins Kazaks, a member of the ECB’s governing council, said that its next rate increase in September “also needs to be quite significant”.
歐洲央行管理委員會委員馬丁斯·哈薩克表示，歐洲央行9月份的下一次加息“也需要有相當大的幅度”。
Walmart shook investors when it issued its second profit warning in ten weeks.
沃爾瑪在十周內第二次發布盈利預警, 令投資者感到震驚。
It blamed food and fuel inflation, which is affecting how its customers spend on other things.
沃爾瑪將原因歸咎于食品和燃料通脹，這正在影響其客戶在其他東西上的支出。
Retailers are resorting to big markdowns of their products to entice shoppers.
零售商正在采取大幅降價的方式來吸引購物者。
Unilever said it was facing “a truly unprecedented cost landscape”, though that didn’t stop the consumer-goods company from raising its sales forecast.
聯合利華表示，該公司正面臨著“真正史無前例的成本格局”，但這并沒有阻止這家消費品公司上調銷售預期。
Amazon also blamed inflation when it lifted the price of its Prime membership in European markets, and at a much stiffer rate than its price rise for American subscribers.
亞馬遜在提高其在歐洲市場的Prime會員價格時也將其歸咎于通貨膨脹，而且歐洲用戶價格上漲的速度比美國用戶價格上漲要快得多。
A raft of quarterly earnings pointed to a sharp slowdown in digital advertising.
許多季度營收表明，數字廣告業務大幅放緩。
Meta reported its first-ever decline in revenue, year on year, albeit of 1%.
Meta報告稱營收首次同比下降，盡管降幅為1%。
Revenue at Alphabet, Google’s parent company, grew at the slowest pace since mid-2020.
谷歌母公司Alphabet的營收增速是2020年年中以來最慢的。
Snap and Twitter also gave a bleak outlook for digital ads when they reported weak earnings.
Snap和Twitter在報告盈利疲軟時，也對數字廣告的前景表示悲觀。
Spirit Airlines called off its proposed merger with Frontier amid lukewarm shareholder support for the deal.
精神航空公司取消了與邊疆航空公司的合并計劃，因為股東對這筆交易的支持不冷不熱。
That opens the way for it to be taken over by JetBlue, which has been circling Spirit with a rival offer for months.
這為該航空公司被捷藍航空收購打開了道路，捷藍航空幾個月來一直在以競爭對手的報價與精神航空公司周旋。
Their combination would create America’s fifth-largest airline.
這兩家公司的合并將締造美國第五大航空公司。
Credit Suisse reported a quarterly net loss of SFr1.6bn ($1.7bn).
瑞信銀行報告季度凈虧損16億瑞士法郎(合17億美元)。
Unlike many rivals, the Swiss bank’s income from trading fell sharply, and its investment-banking business made a big loss.
與許多競爭對手不同的是，這家瑞士銀行的交易業務收入大幅下降，其投資銀行業務也出現了巨額虧損。
It announced the departure of Thomas Gottstein as chief executive, to be replaced by Ulrich Korner, who will conduct a strategic review of its operations, the second within a year.
瑞信銀行宣布，首席執行官托馬斯·戈特斯坦將離職，由烏爾里?！た茽柤{接任，科爾納將對該銀行業務進行戰略評估，這是一年內的第二次。
Credit Suisse hit the headlines in recent years for a number of scandals, such as its exposure to Archegos, a collapsed family office, and for spying on employees.
瑞信銀行近年來因一系列丑聞登上新聞頭條，比如對倒閉的家族辦公室Archegos的曝光，以及對員工的監視。
Intel said that it would make chips for MediaTek, based in Taiwan.
英特爾表示，將為總部位于臺灣的聯發科生產芯片。
It is one of the biggest deals for Intel’s foundry business, which makes semiconductors for other firms without designing them.
這是英特爾代工業務最大的交易之一，該代工業務是為其他公司制造半導體，而非設計半導體。
Meanwhile, the American Senate gave its approval to a bill that would provide huge subsidies to domestic chip firms, in order to reduce America’s reliance on foreign ones.
與此同時，美國參議院批準了一項向國內芯片公司提供巨額補貼的法案，以減少美國對外國芯片公司的依賴。
