評論
打印
Taking down a tarnished icon
推倒一個“變質”的偶像
THE NEWS THAT AUNG SAN SUU KYI HAD BEEN overthrown in a coup spread through Myanmar like a shock wave. "Most of the citizens 100% depend on her," says Kyaw Kyaw, a 28-year-old LGBTQ activist who lives in Yangon, the Southeast Asian nation's largest city. "Everyone was frustrated and scared."
昂山素季在政變中被推翻的消息像沖擊波一樣在緬甸傳開。住在緬甸最大城市仰光的28歲LGBTQ激進分子覺覺說：“大多數市民都是100%仰仗她，大家都感到沮喪和害怕。”
Myanmar's de facto leader was idolized even before she came to office. During the 15 years that the junta kept her under house arrest, many secretly kept pictures of Suu Kyi in their homes. After her release, her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), won elections in 2015, ending decades of military rule. The country's struggle for democracy has always centered on Suu Kyi. Now that the military has her in detention again—reportedly facing trumped-up charges of violating import-export laws—there are few capable of uniting resistance to the generals' emergency rule. "When she disappeared, nobody knew what to do," says Kyaw Kyaw.
這位緬甸實際上的領導人甚至在她上臺之前就被奉為偶像。在軍政府軟禁昂山素季的15年時間里，許多人在家中秘密保存了她的照片。在她獲釋后，她的政黨全國民主聯盟(NLD)在2015年贏得了選舉，結束了數十年的軍事統治。緬甸爭取民主的斗爭一直以昂山素季為中心。現在，軍方再次拘留了她——據報道，她面臨著捏造的違反進出口法的指控——幾乎沒有人有能力聯合起來抵抗將軍們的緊急統治。“她消失后，沒人知道該怎么辦，”覺覺說。
The truth is that the military never really lost control. Despite the reforms of recent years, the Tatmadaw—as the army is officially known— retained control of key ministries. A 2008 constitution guaranteed it 25% of the seats in parliament and a veto over any constitutional amendment.
事實上，軍隊從未真正失去控制。盡管近年來進行了改革，緬甸軍隊(軍隊的官方名稱)仍然控制著關鍵部門。2008年的憲法保證了它在議會中擁有25%的席位和對任何憲法修正案的否決權。
But the NLD's resounding victory in a Nov. 8 election, claiming over 80% of the vote, was too much democracy for the generals to bear. The military claimed widespread fraud and has now declared emergency rule until the election can be run again. It is not clear what form that vote will take. How far the military goes will hinge on how compliant civilian leaders are and the scale of popular resistance, says Dan Slater, director of the Weiser Center for Emerging Democracies at the University of Michigan. But the political future of the country's most prominent leader looks uncertain at best, he says. "Banning Aung San Suu Kyi could very well be one of the military's main wishes or demands."
但是全國民主聯盟在11月8日的選舉中取得了壓倒性的勝利，宣稱獲得了超過80%的選票，這對將軍們來說太過民主，難以承受。軍方聲稱存在普遍舞弊現象，并宣布進入緊急狀態，直到再次舉行選舉。目前還不清楚這次投票將采取何種形式。密歇根大學威瑟新興民主中心主任斯萊特說，軍方能走多遠將取決于平民領導人的順從程度和民眾抵抗的規模。但他說，但是這個國家最杰出的領導人的政治前途看起來不確定，“給昂山素季下禁令很可能是軍方的主要愿望或要求之一。”
THE WOMAN ONCE CALLED a "beacon of hope" by President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her nonviolent resistance against the junta. After her release in 2010, she became an even greater icon of human rights, mentioned in the same breath as Gandhi or Mandela. With the help of the U.S. and other nations loosening economic sanctions, she helped usher her country through a series of reforms, including the historic 2015 vote.
這位曾被奧巴馬總統稱為“希望的燈塔”的婦女因非暴力抵抗軍政府而在1991年獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。2010年獲釋后，她成為更偉大的人權偶像，和甘地、曼德拉平起平坐。在美國和其他國家放松經濟制裁的幫助下，她幫助自己的國家通過了一系列改革，包括2015年的那次歷史性投票。
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