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In Caillebotte's vision of a rain-soaked Paris,Haussmann's grand boulevards loom oppressively, as though distorted by a camera's wide-angle lens.
卡耶博特眼中 在被雨水澆得透濕的巴黎 奧斯曼設計的寬廣大道在雨中若隱若現 給人一種壓迫感 好像被相機的 廣角鏡頭扭曲了一般
Pedestrians hurry privately about their business.
行色匆匆的路人們各自奔波
Nobody makes eye contact with anybody else,not even the couple walking towards us.
沒人與其他人進行眼神交流 甚至朝我們走來的這對夫妻也沒有
People are cocooned from each other,not only by their umbrellas but by the anonymity of city life.
每個人都把自己包裹起來與他人隔絕 不只是通過傘 也通過城市生活的隱匿性
Even the bourgeois world of Paris at play had its shadowy side.
即便是熱衷娛樂的巴黎中產階級世界 也有它陰暗的一面
Mary Cassatt, an American artist living in Paris,painted an elegantly dressed woman at the opera,peering at the performance.
瑪麗·卡薩特是一位住在巴黎的美國畫家 她畫了在歌劇院中的一位裝扮優雅的女人凝視著舞臺
Yet she herself does not escape the attention of a distant male viewer,as he stares through his opera glasses and studies her,just as we, the viewer, study her.
但她自己也沒有逃過一位坐在遠處的男性觀眾的注意 他透過觀劇鏡盯著她仔細觀察 就像觀賞畫作的我們一樣
It's a sly comment, perhaps,on the objectifying male gaze that produced so many of 19th-century art's female nudes.
這也許是在隱晦地批評 這種具體化的男性審視目光 正是這目光造就了 十九世紀藝術品中大量的女性裸體
Although Edgar Degas came from a bourgeois background,the son of a middle-class banker,he focused increasingly on those alienated by modern society.
雖然埃德加·德加來自中產家庭 他的父親是一位中產階級銀行家 但他日益關注受到現代社會排擠的群體
In Absinthe, he paints two dishevelled figures in a cafe,their lives apparently destroyed by the infamous drink of the title.
他在《苦艾酒》中描繪了咖啡館里的兩個衣冠不整的人 顯然標題中這種惡名昭著的飲品 已經將他們的生活毀得體無完膚
They sit side by side,yet are utterly disengaged from one another and from the world that has rejected them.
他們并肩而坐 彼此又完全疏離 與排斥他們的社會格格不入
But it is one of Impressionism's most enigmatic works that most powerfully encapsulates the paradox at the heart of the city.
而這卻是印象派最高深莫測的作品之一 它有力地濃縮了 這座城市的核心所存在的矛盾
A Bar At The Folies-Bergere by Edouard Manet from 1882.
愛德華·馬奈1882年創作的《女神游樂廳的吧臺》
This is a glimpse into the glamorous, glittering world of Parisian high society,but it's not a world that we get to see directly.
這幅作品帶我們一窺巴黎上層社會光鮮亮麗的世界 但它并沒有直接呈現在我們面前
We only see it in reflection on a mirror behind a bar.
我們只能通過吧臺后面的鏡子看到它的映像
And from the moment this painting was put on display,it was seen as controversial.
這幅作品一經面世 就引起了爭議
