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The world this week
世界國際要聞
Business
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The bosses of Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google faced sharp questions (remotely) from a committee in America’s Congress about their companies’ market dominance and whether they should be broken up. It was the first time that Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s chief executive, had appeared before lawmakers. He insisted that his platform accounts for only a small portion of overall retail sales, and that it has supported a spurt in growth at small and medium-sized businesses.
亞馬遜、蘋果、Facebook和谷歌的老板們面臨著來自美國國會委員會的尖銳問題——關于他們公司的市場主導地位以及他們是否應該被拆分。這是亞馬遜首席執行官杰夫·貝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)第一次在立法者面前露面。他堅稱，他的平臺只占零售總額的一小部分，而且支撐了中小企業的井噴式增長。
Google extended the period during which it expects employees to be working remotely because of covid-19. It will allow most staff to work from home until at least July next year.
由于新冠疫情的原因，谷歌延長了員工遠程辦公的期限。該公司將允許大多數員工居家邦，至少到明年7月份。
After terse negotiations within the party, the Republicans in Congress presented their plan for a new stimulus package, amounting to $1trn in spending. The bill extends a federal top-up to weekly unemployment benefits that has been in place since March, but slashes its generosity from $600 to $200; from September, the scheme would aim to replace 70% of workers’ lost wages. It also provides for another round of stimulus cheques to all households. The Democrats have alternative proposals.
經過黨內的簡短談判，國會的共和黨人提出了一項新的經濟刺激計劃，總額達1萬億美元。該法案延長了自3月份開始實行的每周聯邦失業補助的上限，但將其金額從600美元下調至200美元；從9月開始，該計劃的目標是彌補70%的工人的失業補貼。該法案還為所有家庭提供了另一輪刺激資金。民主黨對此提出不同方案。
The German economy contracted by 10.1% in the second quarter compared with the first, or by 11.7% from the same three months last year. On both measures, it was the biggest decline in quarterly records that stretch back to 1970.
與第一季度相比，德國經濟第二季度收縮了10.1%，較去年同期縮水了11.7%。從這兩個指標來看，這是自1970年以來季度降幅最大的一次。
Russia’s central bank reduced its benchmark interest rate for the fourth time since January, lowering it by another quarter of a percentage point, to 4.25%. Elvira Nabiullina, the central bank’s governor, said that more cuts could come before the end of the year.
俄羅斯央行自1月份以來第四次下調基準利率，再次下調0.25個百分點至4.25%。該國央行行長埃爾維拉·納比烏林娜(Elvira Nabiullina)表示，今年年底前可能會進一步降息。
Saddled with huge write-downs of assets, around half of which originated in its British retail bank, Santander reported a quarterly loss of 11.1bn euros ($12.2bn), the first in the Spanish lender’s 163-year history. It is the biggest loss in the banking industry since UniCredit’s 13.6bn euros-worth of red ink in the last quarter of 2016.
西班牙桑坦德銀行(Santander)背負巨額資產減記，其中約一半的減值來自其英國的零售銀行，該行公布季度虧損111億歐元(約合122億美元)。這是這家西班牙銀行163年歷史上的首次虧損。這是自意大利聯合信貸銀行在2016年第四季度虧損136億歐元以來銀行業最大的一次虧損。
Boeing reported a $2.4bn quarterly loss and made further cuts to production. It also confirmed that it will stop building the 747, which entered service in 1970, bringing cheaper long-haul flights to millions.
波音公布季度虧損24億美元，并進一步削減了產量。該公司還確認將停產747，該飛機于1970年投入使用，讓數百萬人享受到更加劃算的長途飛行。
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