評論
打印
Appendectomies May Prevent Parkinson's.
闌尾切除術可以預防帕金森氏癥。
An analysis of the medical records of 1.7 million people revealed that those who'd had their appendixes removed had a 19 percent lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease decades later.
據一項對170萬人的醫療記錄的分析，那些切除了闌尾的人在幾十年后患帕金森病的風險降低了19%。
The study also found that many people, both with and without the brain disease, harbor an abnormal form of the protein alpha-synuclein in the appendix.
研究還發現，許多人，無論是否患有腦部疾病，闌尾中都存在突觸核蛋白的異常形態。
Researchers theorize that the misfolded protein sometimes travels up the vagus nerve to the brain, where it can affect cells involved with movement, causing the tremors that are a hallmark of Parkinson's.
研究人員推測，這種錯誤折疊的蛋白質有時會通過交感神經到達大腦，它可以影響與運動有關的細胞，引起震顫，這是帕金森氏癥的一個特征。
However, because the bad alpha-synuclein also appears in healthy people, just accumulating it doesn't cause Parkinson's.
然而，因為突觸核蛋白也會出現在健康的人身上，只是積累它并不會導致帕金森病。
Research continues into other factors.
對其他影響因素的研究還在繼續。
THE PROBLEM WITH PROBIOTICS. Lose weight. Cut cancer risk. Prevent colds.
益生菌的問題。減肥。降低患癌風險。預防感冒。
Those are just a few of the many health benefits ascribed to probiotics, the living micro-organisms in the human digestive tract called the microbiome.
這些只是益生菌眾多健康益處中的幾個，人類消化道中的活微生物被稱為微生物組。
But recent studies have begun to question these claims and even indicate that taking probiotic pills can be harmful in certain circumstances.
但是最近的研究已經開始質疑這些說法，甚至表明在某些情況下吃益生菌藥是有害的。
One study followed 46 melanoma patients through a course of immunotherapy. Almost half of them took probiotic supplements.
一項研究跟蹤了46名進行免疫治療的黑色素瘤患者。其中幾乎一半的人服用益生菌補充劑。
These patients were 70 percent less likely to respond to the immunotherapy than those who did not take probiotics.
與未服用益生菌的患者相比，這些患者對免疫療法有反應的可能性要低70%。
And a systematic review of the research on probiotics found that there wasn't enough evidence to prove a beneficial effect on anything other than diarrhea in children and a few other gastrointestinal issues.
一項對益生菌研究的系統性回顧發現，除了對兒童腹瀉和一些其他腸胃問題，沒有足夠的證據證明益生菌對其他任何疾病都有益處。
The probiotics currently on the market may simply lack sufficient personalization.
現在市場上的益生菌可能僅僅是缺少足夠的個性化。
Evidence for that conclusion came from another recent study in which the microbiomes of participants who took a generic probiotic after a course of antibiotics took months to return to normal.
這個結論的證據來自另外一個最近的研究，在這個實驗中，在服用抗生素后服用無商標的益生菌的參與者的微生物群需要幾個月才能恢復正常。
Those treated with their own bacteria (collected before they took the antibiotics) bounced back within a few days.
那些用自己的細菌(在服用抗生素前收集的)進行治療的人在幾天內就恢復了正常。
In the future, researchers may be able to predict how different combinations of the hundreds of strains will behave within each person's unique microbiome.
未來，研究人員或許可能預測數百種菌株的組合對每個人獨特的微生物組影響的區別。
Supplements today, though, contain only a few strains, so their helpfulness is limited.
但是，今天的補充劑僅包含一些菌株，所以他們的益處是有限的。
Meat Substitutes High in Salt.
肉類替代品含鹽量高。
According to a recent British survey of meat-free burgers, ham, sausages, and other vegetarian or vegan meat substitutes, 28 percent of the products exceeded maximum recommended salt levels.
據英國一個最近的針對無肉漢堡、火腿、香腸和其他素食或純素肉類替代品的調查，28%的產品都超過了最高推薦鹽量。
A few were even saltier than seawater.
其中有一些比海水還咸。
View of Green Spaces Curbs Cravings.
觀看綠色空間抑制渴望。
It's well-known that being in nature confers a host of physical and mental health benefits.
大家都知道，處在自然中能帶來一系列的身體和精神的益處。
Now a new study suggests that simply seeing green spaces can help reduce unhealthy cravings.
現在，一項新的研究表明，僅僅看到綠色空間就可以幫助減少不健康的渴望。
Of the 149 participants ages 21 to 65, those whose views from their homes featured more than 25 percent green space reported fewer and less intense urges for junk food, alcohol, and cigarettes.
參與研究的149個人的年齡在21歲到65歲之間，那些家里可以看到超過25%的綠地的人對垃圾食品、酒精和香煙的強烈欲望越來越少。
