1.by profession 職業為……；身為……
A surgeon by profession, al-Zawahri, like bin Laden, gave up a life of privilege to violently promote a puritanical Islamic ideal.
身為外科醫生的扎瓦赫里像本·拉登一樣，放棄了養尊處優的生活，而投身于暴力推行一個極端的伊斯蘭理想n!~t[1PQq)|86tA。

2.have a reputation for (doing) sth. 以（擅長）……著稱
The bank has a reputation for nimbleness, innovation and customer service.
民生銀行以靈活、創新和客服著稱tkkL5sG7ExV。

3.speculate on 揣測；推測
Mr Woo said he would not speculate on whether Mr Li's remarks were aimed at him.
吳光正表示不會揣測李嘉誠的言論是否針對他2ULpBsSsso。

4.in the aftermath of 在……之后
In the aftermath of a breakup, it's all too easy to bad mouth your ex.
分手過后，大家很容易說前任的壞話Td-!jnhsRCNiG=ZMzdnG。