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Iran Faces-Off Feeds Hawks on Each Side
伊朗對峙反倒助長了雙方鷹派的氣焰
By David E. Sanger and David D. Kirkpatrick
文/大衛·E·桑格和大衛·D·柯克帕特里克
As Iran and the United States face off in the Gulf of Oman,
伊朗和美國在阿曼灣對峙時，
the risk may not be just at sea, but in Tehran and Washington,
面臨風險的可能不止這片海，還有德黑蘭和華盛頓，
where both Iranian and American hard-liners are seizing on the moment for political advantage.
因為兩個國家的強硬派都在抓緊鞏固自己的政治利益。
The attacks this week on two tankers in the gulf,
本周，兩艘油輪在阿曼灣遇襲，
instantly attributed to Iran by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and then President Trump,
事發后，國務卿邁克·蓬佩奧立即將責任推到了伊朗頭上，隨后，總統特朗普也對此表示附議，
emboldens the hard-liners in both countries, each able to argue their longtime adversary is itching for war.
此次遇襲事件助長了兩國強硬派的氣焰，讓兩大宿敵都有了指認是對方渴望挑起戰爭的借口。
In the White House, Mr. Pompeo and the national security adviser, John R. Bolton,
在白宮，盡管特朗普總統不時表現出了不情愿的跡象，
were driving a policy of maximum pressure — despite periodic signs of reluctance from President Trump.
蓬佩奧及國家安全顧問約翰·博爾頓兩人仍在推動一項最大化對伊壓力的政策。
For more than a year, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps pushed for Tehran’s leadership
一年多以來，伊朗的伊斯蘭革命衛隊一直在爭取德黑蘭的領導權，
to abandon the restrictions of a nuclear agreement President Trump had already exited.
想要拋棄特朗普總統已經退出的核協議的條條框框。
They were drowned out by moderates,
但他們的聲音還是被該國的溫和派淹沒了，
who argued that it was better to deepen the divide between the Trump administration and Europe on the future of the 2015 deal.
后者認為，更為可取的辦法是加深特朗普政府與歐洲在2015核協議未來問題上的分歧。
But once Washington ratcheted up the pressure by targeting oil and the Revolutionary Guards’ own revenues,
但是，華盛頓一加大壓力，將矛頭對準石油和革命衛隊的自主收入，
even Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif of Iran, who negotiated the nuclear accord and urged continuing to abide by the terms,
就連參與了上述核協議談判，還敦促各方繼續遵守協議條款的伊朗外交部長穆罕默德·賈瓦德·扎里夫，
began complaining of American “economic terrorism.”
都開始抱怨美國的“經濟恐怖主義”行徑了。
“It is sort of a toxic interaction between hard-liners on both sides because for domestic political reasons they each want greater tension,”
“這可以說是兩個強硬派硬碰硬的一次有毒的交鋒，因為出于國內政治原因，他們都想要把局勢變得更加緊張，”
said Jeremy Shapiro, the research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations and a former State Department official.
前國務院官員、歐洲對外關系委員會研究主任杰里米·夏皮羅評價道。
“They have an incentive to create that tension, at the very least,
“至少，他們都有制造緊張局勢的意愿，
because it will help them with their domestic politics and you can see that on both sides,” he added.
因為那樣做對他們各自的國內政治都是有好處的，而且，從雙方身上都能看出這一點。”
In Iran, tension with the United States bolsters the appeal of hard-line politicians aligned with the Revolutionary Guards in next year’s parliamentary elections.
就伊朗方面而言，與美國的緊張關系增強了與革命衛隊結盟的強硬派政客們在明年議會選舉中的吸引力。
In Washington, it strengthens the hand of hawks in the administration
而就華盛頓而言，雙方的緊張關系也加強了美國政府中鷹派的影響力，
who may be trying to urge Mr. Trump toward more forceful action while weakening the claims of his critics — including most Democrats —
他們可能正在努力敦促特朗普采取更有力的行動，同時削弱包括大多數民主黨人在內的對特朗普持批評意見的人群的主張——
who argue that President Barack Obama’s outreach to Tehran had been working.
他們認為，巴拉克·奧巴馬總統對德黑蘭的援助是有效的。
On Friday, Mr. Bolton met for three hours at the White House
周五，博爾頓在白宮與伊朗代理國防部長帕特里克·沙納漢
with the acting defense secretary, Patrick Shanahan, and Gen. Joseph F. Dunford Jr., the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
以及參謀長聯席會議主席小約瑟夫·鄧福德上將進行了三個小時的會談，
to discuss the tanker attacks and a proposal the Pentagon is weighing
討論油輪襲擊事件以及五角大樓正在權衡的
to send as many as 6,000 additional troops to the gulf region, including warships and fighter jets.
一項向海灣地區增派多達6000名士兵，數艘軍艦和戰斗機的提案。
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