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Sam Nzima Photographer for freedom
記山姆·恩齊瑪——為自由而攝影
By Aryn Baker
文/艾倫·貝克
IT’S NOT OFTEN THAT A picture changes the world,
一張照片改變世界的情形并不多見，
but the image of a 13-yearold boy shot by police during the June 16, 1976, student uprising in Soweto, South Africa, did.
但1976年6月16日，南非索韋托的學生起義時，一名被警察擊斃的13歲男孩的照片就改變了世界。
In preserving a moment of naked horror,
照片記下了當時赤裸裸的恐怖情形，
photographer Sam Nzima, who died at age 83 on May 12, produced a potent weapon in the fight against apartheid: evidence of its brutality.
攝影師山姆·恩齊瑪——這位攝影師已于5月12日去世，享年83歲——將這張照片化作了反抗前南非政策推行的種族隔離政策的有力武器：暴行的證據。
On that day, Nzima set out to cover what was supposed to be a peaceful protest.
那天，恩齊瑪原本是要去拍攝一場和平抗議。
But when police opened fire,
警察對著大家開槍之際，
he captured the carnage with a singular image of a bloodied boy in the arms of a visibly distraught teenager,
恩齊瑪用一張獨特的照片記錄了那場大屠殺，照片上，明顯已經悲痛欲絕的少年抱著一個渾身是血的男孩，
his sister wailing at his side.
旁邊嚎啕大哭的是他的妹妹。
Few local papers ran the photo, for fear of angering authorities,
因為擔心會惹怒當局，當地報紙幾乎都不愿刊登這張照片，
but the next day it was splashed on front pages from New York to Moscow.
但它次日登上了從紐約到莫斯科的各大報紙的頭版。
Protesters, incensed by the death, rose up across South Africa and launched a new era of black activism.
南非各地被小男孩的死激怒的抗議者紛紛站起來，開辟了黑人行動主義的新時代。
Nzima paid a heavy price.
恩齊瑪自己卻付出了沉重的代價。
Forced to resign from his newspaper job, he never took another photo—
他被迫辭去了報社的工作，從那以后再也沒有拍過照片——
although in 1998, after a long legal battle, he finally received the rights to his own work.
盡管經過長期的法律斗爭，1998年，他最終獲得了自己作品的版權。
“That picture destroyed my future in journalism,” Nzima told TIME in 2015.
“那張照片毀了我在新聞行業的前途，”恩齊瑪在2015年接受《時代》周刊采訪時說道。
“(But) people are free in South Africa because of it.”
“但好在南非人民因此獲得了自由。”
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