評論
打印
From the Cover
《封面》文章
President Trump's Tactics of Fear And Loathing Can Be Defeated: An Interview With Martha C. Nussbaum
特朗普總統的恐懼和厭惡策略可以被擊敗: 采訪瑪莎·C.娜斯鮑姆
BY NINA BURLEIGH
作者：妮娜·布雷
At a glamorous event in December at the New York Public Library in Manhattan, an international who’s who—Princess Beatrice of York, model Karlie Kloss, David Rockefeller, Wendi Deng Murdoch and Kerry Kennedy among them—gathered to honor the closest thing philosophy has to a rock star: Martha Nussbaum. The elegant source of their admiration was being celebrated at the third annual Berggruen Prize Gala; the award, which includes a $1 million endowment, is given to “thinkers whose ideas have helped us find direction, wisdom, and improved self-understanding in a world being rapidly transformed by profound social, technological, political, cultural, and economic change.”
去年12月，位于曼哈頓的紐約公共圖書館舉行了一場盛大的活動，國際名人齊聚一堂，約克公主碧翠絲、模特卡莉·克勞斯、大衛·洛克菲勒、鄧文迪·默多克和克里·肯尼迪都在其中，此舉為了贊譽最接近搖滾明星的哲學家: 瑪莎·娜斯鮑姆。在第三屆伯格魯恩獎頒獎晚會上，他們的贊美之情溢于言表；該獎項包括一項100萬美元的捐贈，旨在表彰“在這個被深刻的社會、技術、政治、文化和經濟變革迅速改變的世界里，用頭腦幫助我們找到方向和智慧的思想家”。
The 71-year-old Nussbaum, a moral philosopher and law professor at the University of Chicago, is passionately concerned with justice and how it affects the personal and political. But her interest goes beyond the theoretical; she is committed to using philosophy to improve the very vocabulary of public discourse. Nussbaum has written five major books dedicated to this. The most recent, The Monarchy of Fear, is an engaging consideration of our current political crisis from the perspective of emotion—how anger, disgust and envy have been used, since antiquity, to divide people.
現年71歲的娜斯鮑姆是芝加哥大學的道德哲學家和法學教授，非常關注正義及其如何影響個人和政治。但她的興趣不僅限于理論范疇；她致力于用哲學來提高公眾話語的詞匯量。娜斯鮑姆為此寫了五本書。最近的一本書《恐懼的君主政體》從情緒的角度對我們當前的政治危機進行了深入的思考——自古以來，憤怒、厭惡和嫉妒是如何被用來分裂民族的。
Nussbaum disproves the dig on modern academics—that they live above the political fray, in ivory towers—perhaps because she takes her cues from the OGs of philosophy. “The great thinkers of the ancient tradition were not detached from political issues,” she says. “Seneca was regent of the Roman Emperor Nero, and he was trying to curb him from doing terrible things. There was no escaping political reality.”
娜斯鮑姆駁斥了對現代學術界的挖苦——他們生活在象牙塔的政治紛爭之上——也許是因為她從哲學中得到了啟示。她說:“古代傳統的偉大思想家并沒有脫離政治問題。”“塞內加是羅馬皇帝尼祿的攝政者，他試圖阻止尼祿做可怕的事情。政治現實無處可逃。”
Fear has dominated political conversation in the U.S. for a lot longer than Donald Trump has been president. But the noise of it has grown deafening and debilitating in the past two years. Though Nussbaum is certainly adept at putting fear in context, as well as articulating how it is used for political strategy and to justify rage, she—and we—are equally interested in how to move beyond it. With hate crimes on the rise and talk of impeachment everywhere, there is perhaps no more pressing concern. Below, a conversation on how to “purify” anger and find hope in the Trump era.
恐懼在美國政治對話中占據主導地位的時間比唐納德·特朗普當總統的時間長得多。但是在過去的兩年里，恐懼之聲變得震耳欲聾，令人衰弱。盡管娜斯鮑姆肯定善于將恐懼置于情境之中，并清楚地說明它是如何被用于政治策略和為憤怒辯護的，但她和我們一樣想著如何超越恐懼。仇恨犯罪不斷上升，到處都在談論彈劾，在這樣的情況下，或許沒有什么更緊迫的問題了。下面是一個關于如何在特朗普時代“凈化”憤怒、找到希望的對話。
譯文由可可原創，僅供學習交流使用，未經許可請勿轉載。
