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The EPA's climate of controversy
環保署的爭議氛圍
By Justin Worland
文/賈斯汀·沃蘭
THE BIG THREE U. S. AUTOMAKERS HIT THE road early to ask the Trump Administration to hit the brakes on regulation.
美國汽車制造業的三巨頭早早地就向特朗普政府提出了放松監管政策的要求。
Not long after last year's presidential inauguration, the CEOs of GM, Ford and Fiat Chrysler traveled to Washington, D.C.,
去年總統就職典禮后不久，通用、福特和菲亞特的CEO們便前往華盛頓
and made an in-person pitch to soften vehicle-emissions rules enacted under President Obama.
親自游說特朗普政府放寬奧巴馬執政期間制定的汽車尾氣排放政策。
A few weeks later, during a visit to Detroit, President Trump promised to take care of the auto industry.
幾周后，在對底特律進行訪問期間，特朗普總統承諾會關照汽車行業。
Now that Environmental Protection Agency head Scott Pruitt has delivered,
然而，由于環保署署長斯科特·普魯伊特已經兌現了放寬政策的承諾，
however, carmakers are concerned that the rollback will bring a whole new set of challenges.
汽車制造商們擔心，政策的推回會帶來一系列新的挑戰。
Pruitt announced on April 2 that he would undo a regulation
普魯伊特4月2日宣布，他將撤銷
that would have required automakers to reach an average fuel economy of 54.5 m.p.g. by 2025,
要求汽車制造商在2025年前將油耗降到平均每加侖54.5英里，
thereby preventing 6 billion metric tons of global-warming-causing greenhouse-gas emissions and saving 12 billion barrels of oil.
從而減少60億噸溫室氣體，節約120億桶石油的規定。
The decision represents one of the Trump Administration's most aggressively regressive moves yet on climate change.
普魯伊特的這一決定是特朗普政府迄今為止在氣候變化問題上做出的最激進的推回動作之一。
In making the announcement, Pruitt criticized his predecessors for unrealistic goals and promised to "get this right going forward."
在宣布這一決定時，普魯伊特一方面批評了自己的前任們設置的目標不切實際，另一方面也承諾要“讓形勢回歸正軌”。
But the rollout fell flat.
不過，普魯伊特的這一決定并沒有達到預期效果。
The EPA failed to find an auto dealer to play host,
環保署沒能找到愿意充當東道主的汽車經銷商，
so Pruitt delivered brief remarks at the agency's headquarters, with limited press access.
所以，普魯伊特在環保署總部只發表了簡短的講話，同時只允許一小部分媒體采訪。
Trump didn't show up.
在此期間，特朗普既沒有露面,
Nor did he tweet about it, as he has for past environmental rollbacks.
也依舊沒有在推特上發文，和過去幾次環保政策推回時的情形一樣。
And while auto-industry trade groups attended and praised the move,
而且，盡管汽車行業的多個商業集團都參加了會議并對普魯伊特的舉措表示贊賞，
individual car companies stayed largely silent, distancing themselves from the decision.
個體汽車企業基本上都持沉默態度，有意與這一決定保持距離。
In a blog post, Ford executive chairman Bill Ford and CEO Jim Hackett said
福特執行董事長比爾·福特和CEO吉姆·哈克特在一篇博客文章中表示，
that they "support increasing clean-car standards through 2025"
他們“支持2025年前提高清潔汽車的標準”，
and added, "At Ford, we believe we must deliver on CO2 reductions consistent with the Paris Climate Accord."
還說，“就福特內部而言，我們認為，我們必須兌現與巴黎氣候協議一致的二氧化碳減排承諾。”
Indeed, those standards were one of two key policies
的確，那些標準可以說是
underpinning an Obama Administration promise to the world that the U.S. would address global warming,
奧巴馬政府向世界承諾的，美國會解決全球變暖問題的兩大關鍵政策之一，
and environmental scientists expected the rule to become increasingly important for reducing the nation's carbon footprint.
環境科學家估計，這一規定對美國減少碳足跡會越來越重要。
"Without the rules," says Ann Carlson, a professor of environmental law at the UCLA School of Law,
“沒有了這些規定，”加州大學洛杉磯分校法學院環境法教授安·卡爾森表示，
"we're going to see a different kind of auto market."
“汽車市場就會大變樣。”
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