評論
打印
Until 1998, neuro scientists thought that the brain was essentially fixed.
直到1998年，神經科學家認為大腦是不變的
We are born with certain neurones, certain pathways.
我們生來具有一定的神經元，一定的通道
The brain doesn't grow, dosen't change pass the age of, say three
大腦在三歲之后不會生長，不會改變
Maybe first a few experiences the brain still changes and evolves, But after the age of three, no change.
開始時大腦可能會改變發展，但三歲之后，不會再改變
And this theory which was held until 1998, I mean that's not so long ago,
這個理論直到1998年仍站得住腳，也就是在不久以前
this theory gave credence, and actually proved positive for "happiness is a stochastic phenomenon". You are born with certain genes.
這個理論讓人相信并實際證明了"快樂是隨機現象"的正確。你生來具有一個的基因
You are born with certain inclinations with certain neurone pathways.
生來具有一個的傾向具有一定的神經元通道
You have a few experiences that really affect you a great deal, as Freud argued.
有一些經歷對你產生深刻影響，正如弗洛伊德的論點
And then the rest of your life, you are going to just fluctuate around that same level.
而剩下的人生就是圍繞那個水平波動
No change. That was until 1998. In 1998, scientists started to notice that the brain actually does change.
不會改變，直到1998年，科學家開始發現大腦其實是改變的
And they came up with the concept of neuroplasticity.
并得出神經可塑性的概念
Neuroplasticity are nuerones are plastic — they change.
神經可塑性是指神經元有可塑性，它們會改變
Not only that, not only do the pathways change in the brain — and we'll look at it in a minute,
不僅如此，不只大腦的通道會改變，一會我們就會看到
but also they've come up with another concept, which is neurogenesis.
他們還得出另一個概念，即神經形成
Neurones develop, are created throughout our lives until the day we die potentially
神經元是發展的，在人的一生中不斷生成，直到我們死去
So it's not the fact that we are born with certain number of neurones and it's downhill from there,
因此，事實并不是我們生來具有一定的神經元，然后就一直走下坡
