評論
打印
If I asked you to name a microbe that's living in your gut, many of you would probably say E. coli.
如果請你舉例說出一個生活在你腸道里的微生物，很多人可能會說大腸桿菌。
A lot of people say this. It's the best-known of the gut microbes.
確實很多人都這么說。大腸桿菌是最有名的腸道微生物。
But it turns out that E. coli is outnumbered in your gut about a thousand to one by other species,
但事實證明，大腸桿菌只占你腸道中細菌數(shù)量的1‰，
many of which you probably haven't heard of.
很多細菌你可能聽都沒聽過。
These are Bacteroides; Prevotella is another example.
像類桿菌屬的細菌；另一個例子是普氏菌。
Those are the two that dominate the modern human gut.
在現(xiàn)代人的腸道菌群中，這兩種細菌占主導地位。
There are about a hundred trillion microbes living inside you.
人體內(nèi)生活著約100萬億的微生物。
We call this your microbiome, so it's like a little world living inside you -- actually more like a universe.
我們稱之為微生物群，它們就像生活在你體內(nèi)的一個小世界--實際更像一個宇宙。
A hundred trillion means if you took a blade of grass and planted it for every microbe living in your gut,
100萬億的數(shù)量概念是這樣的，如果一根草代表一個生活在你腸道內(nèi)的微生物，
that could fill a million football fields. So it's incredibly complex.
那么就可以種滿100萬個足球場。因此這是一個難以置信的復雜系統(tǒng)。
But interestingly, as our bodies have been adapting to life in modern society,
但有趣的是，隨著我們的身體逐漸適應現(xiàn)代生活，
we're losing some of our normal microbes, and at the same time,
我們正在失去一些正常的微生物，與此同時，
there are quite a few diseases related to the gut that are skyrocketing in developed nations all around the world.
在世界發(fā)達國家，很多與腸道有關的疾病正在飆升。
And many of you probably know someone who suffers from obesity, diabetes,
許多在座的各位可能就認識一些飽受肥胖癥、糖尿病、
Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, allergies and asthma.
節(jié)段性回腸炎或潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎、過敏和哮喘疾病之苦的患者。
Every one of these diseases and many others related to metabolism and autoimmunity are linked to a loss of healthy diversity in the gut.
和許多與新陳代謝及自身免疫相關的病癥一樣，這些疾病都與腸道（菌群）缺少健康多樣性有關。
