評論
打印
F.D.A., Alarmed by Teenage Use, Targets Vaping,
大批青少年吸食電子煙問題引美藥管局重視
By Sheila Kaplan and Jan Hoffman
文/希拉·卡普蘭，簡·霍夫曼
The Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday declared that teenage use of electronic cigarettes has reached “an epidemic proportion,”
食品和藥物管理局周三宣布，青少年使用電子煙已成“潮流”，
and it put makers of the most popular devices on notice that they have just 60 days to prove that they can keep their devices away from minors.
故他們已經將制造這一最受歡迎產品的制造商們納入了警告名單，勒令他們60日內證明能夠讓自己的產品遠離未成年人。
The order was part of a sweeping government action that targeted both makers and sellers of e-cigarettes.
政府已經針對電子煙制造商和銷售商展開了大面積的清掃行動，周三的規定就是本次行動的一環。
If JUUL Labs and four other major manufacturers fail to halt sales to minors, the agency said,
藥管局表示，如果屆時JUUL和其他四家主要的電子煙制造商未能讓自己在未成年人中間的銷量剎住車，
it could remove their flavored products from the market.
藥管局就可能將他們帶香味的電子煙撤出市場。
It also raised the possibility of civil or criminal charges if companies are allowing bulk sales through their websites.
此外，藥管局還指出，如果制造商通過網站進行批發銷售，就可能收到民事或刑事指控。
The agency said it was sending warning letters to 1,100 retailers — including 7-Eleven stores, Walgreens, Circle K convenience shops and Shell gas stations —
藥管局還表示，他們已經在給1100家零售店——包括7-11，沃爾格林，OK便利店等便利店和殼牌加油站——發警告函了，
and issued another 131 fines, ranging from $279 to $11,182, for selling e-cigarettes to minors.
并已開具131張與銷售電子煙給未成年人相關的罰單，罰款金額從279美元到11182美元不等。
Federal law prohibits selling e-cigarettes to anyone under 18.
聯邦法律明令禁止向18歲以下的任何人出售電子煙。
In a briefing with reporters, the F.D.A. commissioner, Dr. Scott Gottlieb,
在一場新聞發布會上，藥管局的專員斯科特·戈特利布博士說，
said that more than two million middle and high school students were regular users of e-cigarettes last year.
去年經常使用電子煙的中學生已經達到了200多萬。
The government’s tactics underscore a dilemma in the public health community:
政府的出面凸顯了公共衛生界一個兩難的境地：
In addressing one public health problem — cigarette smoking, which kills 480,000 people in the United States each year —
電子煙解決了一個公共衛生問題，也就是每年致死人數多達48萬人的吸煙問題，
e-cigarettes are creating another — hooking teenagers who have never smoked on nicotine.
也引發了另一個問題，即讓那些從未吸過煙的青少年深深地迷戀上了尼古丁。
E-cigarette users inhale far fewer toxic chemicals than do smokers of traditional cigarettes.
與傳統卷煙相比，使用電子煙吸入的有毒化學成分要少得多。
But they can take in higher levels of nicotine, which is addictive.
但吸入的尼古丁會更多，而尼古丁是會讓人上癮的。
“The developing adolescent brain is particularly vulnerable to addiction,” the F.D.A. said in its statement announcing the actions.
藥管局在宣布行動的聲明中指出，“青少年的大腦尚在發育，因而特別容易上癮。”
In particular, the agency has been watching the wildly popular JUUL, which offers especially potent nicotine hits.
藥管局已經將廣受歡迎的JUUL嚴密監視起來，因為該品牌電子煙中的尼古丁成癮性尤其大。
JUUL Labs launched the sleek device, which looks like a flash drive, in 2015.
2015年，JUUL推出了造型時尚，看起來就像優盤的電子煙。
It comes with “pods” in eight flavors, among them mango, menthol and creme.
該款電子煙有包括芒果味，薄荷味和奶油味在內的八種口味。
譯文由可可原創，僅供學習交流使用，未經許可請勿轉載。
